Short Term Control of BP Flashcards
What is the arterial baroreflex?
- Strain of blood vessels measured by baroreceptors - Baroreceptors stretch enough to fire an action potential to the medullary cardiovascular centres - Medullary centres innervate return pressure to normal
Where are the baroreceptors located that control BP?
Carotid and aortic sinus
What nerves is the stretch signal sent through from the aortic sinus?
- Vagus
What nerve is the stretch signal sent through from the carotid sinus?
- Glossopharyngeal nerve
What nerve will reduce heart rate by acting on the SA node if BP is too high?
- Vagus (parasympathetic)
What nerve will increase HR by acting on the SA node if BP is too low?
- Sympathetic nerves
What other structure is innervated by the same sympathetic nerve to increase HR?
Adrenal gland
What other effect on the heart does the sympathetic innervation have to increase BP?
Increase contractility of the ventricle
What receptors does the sympathetic system work on in the heart to increase HR and increase ventricle contractility?
B1
What other effect around the body will the sympathetic system have to increase BP?
Can act on A1 receptors on veins and arteries to make them contract
What will happen to TPR when the sympathetic system is active?
- TPR increases - Due to arteriolar constriction
Where are cardiopulmonary baroreceptors found?
- Atria - Other low pressure areas of the system
What part do central chemoreceptors play in the regulation of BP?
- Increase resp drive if CO2 levels high - Also affect the medullary cardiovascular centres to increase cardiac output
What will cause muscle chemoreceptors to be activated?
An increase in metabolites
What effect will the activation of muscle chemoreceptors have on cardiac output?
Increase it