short questions (poultry diseases)

Question 1

Definition of avian influenza

Answer 1

• an infection of poultry or other captive bred birds caused by influenza A virus:
  
  • of subtypes H5 or H7
  • with an intravenous pathogenicity index in 6 week old chickens greater than 1.2
• can be highly pathogenic or low pathogenic avian influenza

Question 2

definition of DIVA in avian influenza

Answer 2

• DIVA = differentiating infected from vaccinated animals
• vaccination strategy enabling the differentiation between vaccinated/ infected and vaccinated/ non infected animals
• by application of diagnostic test designed to detect antibodies against the field virus and the use of non-vaccinated sentinel birds

Question 3

Definition of LPAI

Answer 3

• infection of poultry or other captive birds caused by avian influenza viruses, of subtypes H5 or H7, that do NOT come within the definition HPAI

Question 4

measures to be applied on holdings where HPAI outbreaks are confirmed

Answer 4

• all poultry and captive birds on the holding: killed without delay under official supervision
• member states may grant derogations for certain species of poultry or other captive birds not to be killed
• carcasses and eggs on the holding: to be disposed of under official supervision
• hatched eggs: placed under official supervision
• meat of poultry slaughtered, and eggs collected: traced and disposed of under official supervision
• All substances (food, carcasses, buildings, pasture etc.) and waste likely to be contaminated: destroyed or treated
• other birds or mammals on the holding: do not enter or leave without authorisation of competent authority
• incase of primary outbreak: identify genetic subtype
• provided that derogations do not endanger disease control (zoo animals, circus, pet bird shops etc.)

Question 5

Newcastle disease - surveillance zone official measures

Answer 5

• minimum radius 10km
• standstill measures and controlled movements of poultry for at least 30 days
• before lifting measures: sampling of the poultry holdings

Question 6

Newcastle disease - protection zone official measures

Answer 6

• minimum radius 3 km
• standstill measures and controlled movement of poultry for at least 21 days
• before lifting of measures: sampling of the poultry holdings

Question 7

preventative measures for duck viral enteritis

Answer 7

• no free keeping on natural water during the 2 weeks before egg laying
• infected water: no susceptible birds for 2 years , except vaccinated broiler ducks
• breeding and broiler flocks shall not be kept together