Shock Flashcards
What is the transition between homeostasis and death?
Shock
What occurs in the vascular phase of clotting?
Vasoconstriction
What occurs in the platelet phase in the clotting process?
Tunica intima is damaged
What occurs in the coagulation phase of clotting?
Release of enzymes
What is normal blood clotting time?
7-10 minutes
A lateral cut permits a vessel to?
Retract and thinker its wall
A longitudinal cut to a vessel causes the vessel to?
Open and bleed
What are some factors affecting clotting?
Movement of wound site, aggressive fluid therapy, low body temperature, medication
What is shock?
Inadequate tissue perfusion
What is the first step to controlling bleeding?
Direct pressure
What is a hematoma?
Pocket of blood between muscle and fascia
The pelvic cavity can bleed up to?
3000cc
Femur fractures may bleed up to?
1500cc
Unexplained shock is best attributed to?
Abdominal trauma
What is chronic hemorrhage?
Internal anemia
Nose bleeding should not be stopped only if?
There is suspicion of a basal skull fracture
What is hemoptysis?
Coughing up blood
What is the initial stage of shock in which the body progressively compensates for continuing blood loss?
Compensated shock
Which stage of shock begins when the body compensatory mechanisms can no longer maintain preload?
Decompensated shock
In which stage of shock does pulse rate increase?
Compensated
In which stage of shock does the patient experience thirst, weakness, and eventual air hunger?
Compensated shock
In which stage of shock do respirations slow or cease?
Decompensated shock
In which stage of shock does the patients skin become cool and clammy?
Compensated shock
In which stage of shock does the patient become lethargic?
Decompensated shock
What are two examples of distributive shock?
Anaphylactic and septic
Which shock affects the containers?
Distributive shock
What are the three types of obstructive shock?
Tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary emboli
Which type of shock occurs with interference with the blood flowing through the cardiovascular system?
Obstructive
Which type of shock occurs with prevention of appropriate distribution of nutrients and removal of wastes?
Distributive shock
What are two examples of respiratory shock?
Airway obstruction and pneumothorax
Which type of shock affects the pump?
Carcinogenic shock
How is cardiogenic shock diagnosed?
If all other forms of shock are ruled out
What is first treatment for cardiogenic shock?
250 bolus normal saline
Low heart rate is often seen in which type of shock?
Neurogenic shock
What is the treatment plan for shock?
Airway, hemorrhage control, TEMPERATURE CONTROL, fluid resuscitation
How should cardiogenic shock be pharmacologically treated?
Fluid challenge, vasopressors (dopamine), and cardiac drugs (Epi and atropine)
How should spinal and obstructive shock be pharmacologically treated?
IV (NS & LR)
How should distributive shock be pharmacologically treated?
IV and dopamine
