Basics Of Trauma Flashcards
When should consideration of the mechanism of injury begin?
During scene size up
What is index of suspicion?
An anticipation of possible injuries based on analysis of the event
The body compensates _____ for internal loss of blood.
Well
What is the goal of trauma system quality improvement?
Committees look at selected care modalities to determine if designated standards of care are being met
For trauma system QI, QI committees would study the application of?
Trauma triage criteria, performance of field skills, and amounts of time spent in various aspects of response, care and transport.
If system standards are not being met, the QI committees may suggest such steps as?
Continuing education programs or modification of protocols
The leading killer of persons under the age of 44 in the United States is?
Trauma
In the quality improvement process, committees look at selected care modalities to determine if designated standards of care are being met. These modalities are called?
Indicators
The trauma system is predicated on the principle that serious trauma is a?
Surgical disease
What is trauma?
A physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence
What type of trauma occurs when an object enters the body and exchanges energy with human tissue?
Penetrating trauma
What type of trauma occurs as the energy and forces of collision with an object - not the object itself - enters the body and damage tissue?
Blunt trauma
What was the role of the trauma care systems and development act of 1990?
It helped to establish guidelines, funding, and state-level leadership and support for the development of trauma systems
Life-threatening injuries account for less than ______ of all trauma patients
10%
Which level trauma center can handle all types of specialty trauma?
Level 1
Which level trauma center provides leadership and resource support to all other levels of their regional trauma system?
Level 1
At which type trauma center can handle all but the most seriously injured specialty and multisystem trauma patients?
Level II
Which level trauma center is a general hospital with a commitment to special staff training and resource allocation for trauma patients?
Level III
Which level trauma center is also known as a community trauma center?
Level III
In rural regions, a level _____ center may act as the regional trauma center because the incidence of serious trauma does not support any greater commitment.
III
________ have a commitment of trained personnel, equipment , and other resources to provide services not usually available at a general or trauma hospital.
Specialty centers
_______ are more likely to provide a higher level of intensive care and state-of-the-art injury management than other facilities are able to.
Specialty centers
When should mechanism of injury be considered?
During scene size up
What is the index of suspicion?
An anticipation of possible injuries based on analysis of the event
The body compensates _____ for the internal loss of blood and ______ serious signs of injury until late in the shock process.
Well
Hides
What is the golden hour?
From response time to patient getting into surgery
Primary and rapid secondary assessments, emergency stabilization, patient packaging, and initiation of transport should be limited to how many minutes?
10
What is the trauma registry?
It is a uniform and standard set of data collected by regional trauma centers
What is used to determine how well a trauma system is performing and identifies factors that may contribute to or lessen chances of patient survival?
Trauma registry
The leading killer of persons under the age of 44 in the United States is?
Trauma
Certain trauma centers commit to special emergency department training and have a degree of surgical capability but usually stabilize and transfer seriously injured patients. These centers are designated:
Level III
When determining the mechanism of injury, you will identify the?
Forces involved in the incident
Limitations of the use of air medical transport include all of the following except?
Indirect route of travel
In the quality improvement process, committees look at selected cafe modalities to detained if designated standards of care are being met. These modalities are called?
Indicators
In which type of soft-tissue injury is the skin cut or torn, leaving a flap of skin attached?
Avulsion
Why does capillary oozing from minor, open, soft-tissue trauma may not stop immediately?
Capillaries cannot contract
Pain out of proportion to apparent injury?
Compartment syndrome
A sprain is best described as?
Partial or complete tearing if ligaments of the joint capsule
What feature of the cranium exacerbates the severity of intracranial trauma?
It is ridged and unyielding
Based on your knowledge of anatomy of the head what is true of a epidural bleed?
Epidural bleed is more likely arterial than venous
A trauma center that is committed to special emergency department training and has a degree of surgical capability but that usually stabilizes and transfers seriously injured patients is a level _____ trauma center.
III
Upon arriving on a scene where the mechanism of injury indicates a potentially life-threatening injury, what will best deliver the care that is needed?
Call immediately for air medical to reduce golden hour
Which of the following best describes what happens to the kinetic energy of a vehicle traveling at 65 miles per hour when it collides into a concrete barrier wall?
The body of the vehicle and its occupants absorb the energy
What two factors proportionally affect the kinetic energy of a bullet fired from a gun?
Velocity and mass
What injury is associated with the tertiary phase of a blast?
Entrapment
What injury is associated with the pressure wave produced by a blast?
Pneumothorax
In addition to handling all types of specialty trauma, which level of trauma center provides continuing medical and public education programs?
I
Anaphylactic shock is a form of ____ shock.
Distributive
The increase in myocardial contraction as a result of increased blood return to the heart describes?
Frank-starling law of the heart
What finding indicates a progression from compensated shock to decompensated shock?
Dropping level of consciousness
Under normal circumstances, at any given moment, most of the blood is in the _____ system.
Venous
What is the importance of oxygen in cellular metabolism?
It prevents pyruvic acid from being converted to lactic acid
When can resuscitative efforts be terminated?
Decapitation, incineration, trauma to the head or chest clearly incompatible with life, of standing order
