Burns Flashcards
Frostbite is a type of ____ injury.
Thermal
Tissue destruction in a burn depends on?
Time and temperature of exposure
What is the most common type of burn?
Thermal
Immune system shuts down at ____ hours after a burn.
24
What is the long term consideration for burns?
Infection
What areas of burns should be sent to a burn center?
Face, hands, feet, groin, circumferential, young and old patients, and extensive medical histories
What type of burn only involves the top skin layer? (Sunburn)
Superficial (first degree)
Anything over _____% superficial burns are considered serious.
70
Which burns present as painful, red, dry, and blanch with pressure?
First degree
First degree burns heal how quickly?
2-3 days
Which degree burn involves the epidermis and dermis?
Second degree
_____% of a second degree burn is considered serious.
30
Which burn presents with superficial partial-thickness burn with popped blisters?
Second degree
A full thickness burn is also known as?
Third degree burns
With which degree burn is sensation and capillary refill absent?
Third degree
With degree burn is a skin graft required?
Third degree
In the rule of nines, what is the total percentage given for an adult head?
9%
In the rule of nines, what is the total percentage given for an adult chest and back?
36%
In the rule of nines, what is the total percentage given for a child’s head?
18%
In the rule of nines, what is the total percentage given for an adult ENTIRE leg?
18%
In the rule of nines, what is the total percentage given for a child’s ENTIRE leg?
14%
In the rules of nine, an adult is considered to be older than?
10
What type of chemical burn is worse? Base or acid?
Base
How are chemical burns treated?
Brush off
Remove all contaminated clothing
Flush burned area with large amounts of water for 20 minutes
What is the most common dysrhythmia seen with electrocution?
VFIB
Skin will stop what type of radioactive particles?
Alpha
How deep can beta particles penetrate?
Penetrate subcutaneous
What is the most dangerous radioactive particle?
Gamma rays and X-rays
What is required for beta particle protection?
Full PPE including SCBA
Lead shields are required for what type of radioactive particle?
Gamma
Almond smell?
Cyanide
Colorless odorless gas?
Carbon monoxide
Bicarbonate isotonic solution?
Lactated ringers
What is the parkland fluid replacement equation?
4ml/kg times BSA burned
When is the parkland fluid replacement equation used?
Only for 2nd and third degree burns
In the parkland burn formula, 50% of fluid is given in first ____ hours.
8
In the parkland burn formula, how much fluid is given after the first 8 hours?
25%
When is the last 25% of fluid in the parkland burn formula given?
Over the last 24 hours
