Shit gotta know Bone

Question 1

what is woven bone. give 3 features. what eventually happens?

Answer 1

new bone (during development or repair). more cellular, more collagen, no haversian systems. Eventually osteoblasts and clasts remodel

Question 2

what is mechanotransduction and which cells exhibit this?

Answer 2

detection of the direction of stress through a bone. osteocytes

Question 3

what is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 3

bone smashed into many pieces

Question 4

what is a pathological fracture?

Answer 4

damage in which the underlying process is not trauma

Question 5

role of oestrogen in relation to bone?

Answer 5

decrease osteoclast activity

Question 6

describe how osteoporosis affects bone

Answer 6

loss of bone cells and matrix. The loss of trabeculae reduce the cross-sectional area resulting in a relatively greater load on the bone

Question 7

name the 3 types of antiresoptive drugs

Answer 7

bisphosphates, selective oestrogen receptor modulators(raloxifene), RANKL inhibitors

Question 8

denosumab is a what?

Answer 8

RANKL Inhibitor

Question 9

PTH as a drug?

Answer 9

paradoxical - small amounts (once per day) results in anabolism, whereas excessive amounts will cause catabolism by promoting Clast actvity

Question 10

most common cause of osteomyelitis?

Answer 10

Staph A.

Question 11

what is different in terms of infection position in regards to infants?

Answer 11

infection can cross growth plate to invade epiphysis and joint

Question 12

which Arthritis is associated with morning stiffness?

Answer 12

Rheumatoid

Question 13

histology of a gouty tophus

Answer 13

granulomatous inflammation. Central urate deposits surrounded by epithelioid macrophages & MNG cells, fibrosis on outskirts

Question 14

what is podagra?

Answer 14

gout in big toe