Sharot et al 2007 Cognitive & Biological

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

Determine the potential role of biological factors on flashbulb memories

Question 2

Research method

Answer 2

Correlational

Question 3

Sample

Answer 3

24 participants who were in NYC on the day of the 9/11 attack

Question 4

Procedure

Answer 4

• Participants were put into an fMRI
• They were presented with word cues on a screen. This list of words would either be projected alongside the word “Summer” or “September” to activate memories of summer holidays or the attack.

Question 5

Results

Answer 5

After the brain scanning, participants were asked to rate their memories on a criteria of vividness, confidence in ability to recall, and emotional arousal.

50% of participants reported having “flashbulb memories”, meaning greater ratings in the criteria established. These participants were also closer to the site of the attack on 9/11.

It was also seen that the amygdala was more active when participants recalled events from the attack compared to summer memories. Participants further away further the attack showed similar levels of amygdala activation when recalling both events.

Question 6

Findings

Answer 6

There is a strong correlation between amygdala activation and formation of flashbulb memories. Additionally, for flashbulb memories to form, a close personal experience is required.