Shapes Of Molecules Flashcards
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 2
Number of bonding pairs: 2
Number of lone pairs: 0
Linear
Bond angle: 180
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 3
Number of bonding pairs: 3
Number of lone pairs: 0
Trigonal planar
Bond angle: 120
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 3
Number of bonding pairs: 2
Number of lone pairs: 1
Bent
Bond angle: 118
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 4
Number of bonding pairs: 4
Number of lone pairs: 0
Tetrahedral
Bond angle: 109.5
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 4
Number of bonding pairs: 3
Number of lone pairs: 1
Trigonal pyramid
Bond angle: 107
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 4
Number of bonding pairs: 2
Number of lone pairs: 2
Bent
Bond angle: 104.5
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 5
Number of bonding pairs: 5
Number of lone pairs: 0
Trigonal bipyramid
Bond angle: 120, 90
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 5
Number of bonding pairs: 3
Number of lone pairs: 2
Trigonal planar or T shape
Bond angle: 120 or 89
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 6
Number of bonding pairs: 6
Number of lone pairs: 0
Octahedral
Bond angle: 90
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 6
Number of bonding pairs: 5
Number of lone pairs: 1
Distorted square pyramid
Bond angle: 89
What shape of molecule has:
Total number of pairs: 6
Number of bonding pairs: 4
Number of lone pairs: 2
Square planar
Bond angle: 90
What effect does a lone pair have on the bond angle?
Alters the bond angle by 2 degrees
Why do molecules not appear as an expected shape?
The electron pair repulsion theory explains that electrons will move and arrange themselves in an order so they are as far away from other electrons as possible
Hence why water is bent and not linear
What are the possible shapes a molecule can be if there are no lone pairs of electrons?
Linear
Trigonal planar
Tetrahedral
How do you work out the number of pairs of electrons both bonded and lone in a molecule?
- Number of electrons in Main central atom outer shell.
- Number of bonds to the central atom
- Total number of electrons (bonding and outer shell total)
- Electron pairs (electrons / 2)
- Number of bonding pairs
- Number of lone pairs
- Deduce shape