Shapes Of Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 2

Number of bonding pairs: 2

Number of lone pairs: 0

A

Linear

Bond angle: 180

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2
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 3

Number of bonding pairs: 3

Number of lone pairs: 0

A

Trigonal planar

Bond angle: 120

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3
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 3

Number of bonding pairs: 2

Number of lone pairs: 1

A

Bent

Bond angle: 118

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4
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 4

Number of bonding pairs: 4

Number of lone pairs: 0

A

Tetrahedral

Bond angle: 109.5

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5
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 4

Number of bonding pairs: 3

Number of lone pairs: 1

A

Trigonal pyramid

Bond angle: 107

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6
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 4

Number of bonding pairs: 2

Number of lone pairs: 2

A

Bent

Bond angle: 104.5

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7
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 5

Number of bonding pairs: 5

Number of lone pairs: 0

A

Trigonal bipyramid

Bond angle: 120, 90

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8
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 5

Number of bonding pairs: 3

Number of lone pairs: 2

A

Trigonal planar or T shape

Bond angle: 120 or 89

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9
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 6

Number of bonding pairs: 6

Number of lone pairs: 0

A

Octahedral

Bond angle: 90

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10
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 6

Number of bonding pairs: 5

Number of lone pairs: 1

A

Distorted square pyramid

Bond angle: 89

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11
Q

What shape of molecule has:

Total number of pairs: 6

Number of bonding pairs: 4

Number of lone pairs: 2

A

Square planar

Bond angle: 90

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12
Q

What effect does a lone pair have on the bond angle?

A

Alters the bond angle by 2 degrees

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13
Q

Why do molecules not appear as an expected shape?

A

The electron pair repulsion theory explains that electrons will move and arrange themselves in an order so they are as far away from other electrons as possible

Hence why water is bent and not linear

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14
Q

What are the possible shapes a molecule can be if there are no lone pairs of electrons?

A

Linear

Trigonal planar

Tetrahedral

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15
Q

How do you work out the number of pairs of electrons both bonded and lone in a molecule?

A
  1. Number of electrons in Main central atom outer shell.
  2. Number of bonds to the central atom
  3. Total number of electrons (bonding and outer shell total)
  4. Electron pairs (electrons / 2)
  5. Number of bonding pairs
  6. Number of lone pairs
  7. Deduce shape
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16
Q

Deduce the shape of phosphorus trihydride (PH3)

A

P has 5 electrons in outer shell

Total electrons = 5+ 3. (8)

Electrons pairs = 4. (8/2)

Bonded pairs = 3

Lone pairs = 1

Shape = trigonal pyramid bond angle 107