Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Flashcards
What is the trend in reactivity for the group 2 elements down the group?
Reactivity increases as there in an increase in the number of electron shells and therefore the outer electrons are held further away from the central nature nucleus and are hence lost more easily down the group.
What are some physical properties of the group 2 elements?
High melting and boiling points
Low density light metals
Form white compounds
(All have similar properties due to having the same number of electrons in their outer shell.)
What kind of ions do the group 2 metals produce?
Produce 2+ ions as they have two electrons in their outer shell available to be lost
Successive ionisations occur
What kind of agents are group two metals?
Reducing agents (can themselves be oxidised)
What happens when a group 2 metal is reacted with oxygen?
Reaction needs to be heated
Vigorous reaction producing an ionic oxide
What happens which we react a group 2 metal with water?
For hydroxides and produce hydrogen gas as Product
What happens when we react a group 2 metal with dilute acid?
Forms a salt and hydrogen gas
What happens when a group 2 oxide reacts with water and what are the properties of the product?
Produces a metal hydroxide
The metal hydroxides would be alkaline and soluble in water as they can release OH- ions
What is the trend in solubility for group 2 hydroxides and sulphates down the group?
Hydroxides are more soluble as you go down the group
Sulphates are less soluble as you go down the group
Hydroxides
Are
More
Sulphates Are Less (soluble) As you go Down the group
What are the uses of group 2 hydroxides oxides and carbonates?
Basic solutions so can neutralise acids
What are the uses of magnesium compounds?
Indigestion remedies - neutralise stomach acid ( milk of magnesia)
Titanium extraction
What are the uses of Calcium compounds?
Agriculture- neutralise acidic soils
Building materials- limestone and marble
Flue gases- limestone slurry to remove SO2 from power stations
What are the uses of barium compounds?
Barium meal- barium sulphate is insoluble and therefore be used in helping visualise X-rays of soft tissues
Test for sulphate ions
By mixing barium sulphate with HCL
how is magnesium used for the extraction of titanium from TiCl4?
TiCl4 +2Mg —-> 2MgCl2 + Ti
Reaction conditions:
high temperature
argon atmosphere
magnesium is used to displace the titanium and bond with chlorine forming the metallic crystal Magnesium chloride.
what is the equation for producing barium sulphate?
Ba^2+ + SO4^2- —-> BaSO4