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126 > SG Stain, Calculus, Plaque, EIE Vocab Test > Flashcards

SG Stain, Calculus, Plaque, EIE Vocab Test Flashcards

Test on 1/28

1
Q

at least 2/3 of inorganic matter of calculus is crystalline, principally

A

apatite

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2
Q

chemotherapeutic agent shown to have side effect of tooth staining

A

chlorhexidine

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3
Q

______ are sticky and contribute to adhesion of plaque to teeth

A

polysaccharides

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4
Q

heavy calculus formers have higher salivary levels of ______ions and ______ ions

A

calcium

phosphorus

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5
Q 
density of structures
cementum
mature calculus
dentin
bone
enamel
A

1 enamel
2 mature calculus
3 dentin
4 bone and cementum

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6
Q

t/f:

calculus is not a predisposing factor in pocket formation

A

false

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7
Q

t/f:

subgingival calculus is always covered by masses of active plaque bacteria

A

true

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8
Q

t/f:

calculus can act as a reservoir for endotoxins and tissue breakdown products

A

true

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9
Q

t/f:

calculus is a predisposing factor in pocket formation

A

true

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10
Q

t/f

the chemical content of supra- and subgingival calculus is similar

A

true

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11
Q

t/f

the bone is the hardest substance in body

A

false

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12
Q

t/f

hard, calcified deposits on teeth is dental calculus

A

true

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13
Q

what type of plaque is most pathogenic

A

loose plaque

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14
Q

3 basic steps of calculus formation

A

pellicle formation
biofilm formation
mineralization

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15
Q

average time for calculus formation

A

12 days

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16
Q

ways for a manner calculus formation except

A

pyrophosphate

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17
Q

a tenacious membranous layer that is amorphous, acellular, and organic and that forms over exposed tooth surfaces

A

acquired pellicle

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18
Q

crystalline material component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and phosphate

A

apatite

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19
Q

plays a major role in the initiation and progression of both dental caries and periodontal diseases

A

microbial biofilm

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20
Q

a disease of the dental calcified structures that is characterized by demineralization of the mineral components and dissolution of the organic matrix

A

dental caries

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21
Q

dental calcified structures consist of

A

enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone

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22
Q

inhibitor of calcification that occurs in parotid saliva of humans in variable amounts diseases

A

parotid pyrophosphate

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23
Q

a disease of the dental calcified structures that is characterized by demineralization of the mineral components and dissolution of the organic matrix

A

dental caries

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24
Q

addition of mineral elements for the hardening of the tissue

A

mineralization

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25
Q

t/f

removal of unsightly stains improves patient’s appearance

A

true

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26
Q

t/f because of the early lesion are generally symptomless, they may go unnoticed and unreported

A

true

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27
Q

t/f
because of a client’s susceptibility to bacteremia that can be created during use of a rotating rubber cup polishing, the health history must be prepared initially and reviewed and updated each appointment

A

true

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28
Q

t/f

most depressed lesions are ulcers and represent a loss of continuity of the epithelium

A

true

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29
Q

t/f

an ulcer may result from the rupture of and elevated lesion (vesicle, pustule, bulla)

A

true

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30
Q

fissures, ulcers, or areas of induration in a white area are most indicative of malignancy

A

true

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31
Q

t/f:

dentinogenesis can occur in both primary and permanent dentition

A

true

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32
Q

t/f

when stains are tenacious excessive polishing should be avoided

A

true

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33
Q

t/f
removal of stains contributes to a client’s well-being and motivation to adhere to appropriate effective daily bacterial plaque removal for disease prevention

A

true

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34
Q

t/f

over a period of time it is possible for white spots from systemic hypoplasia to become stained

A

true

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35
Q

t/f

endogenous stains are always extrinsic and usually are discolorations of the dentin reflected through the enamel

A

false

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36
Q

lesions that are close to each other with margins that merge

A

coalescing

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37
Q

lesions limited to a small focal area

A

localized

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38
Q

one lesion of a particular type with a distinct margin

A

single lesion

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39
Q

discrete, not running together; may be arranged in clusters

A

separate

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40
Q

involves most of an area or segment

A

generalized

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41
Q

use of finger(s) and thumb of each hand applied simultaneously in coordination

A

bimanual

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42
Q

lesions of the oral mucosa that appear as bright red patches

A

erythroplakia

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43
Q

more than one lesion of a particular type

A

multiple lesions

44
Q

use of a single finger to palpate the tissue

A

digital

45
Q

is a small (1cm) circumscribed lesion with a thin surface covering

A

vesicle

46
Q

producing color or pigment

A

chromogenic

47
Q

is used to examine corresponding structures on opposite sides of the body

A

bilateral

48
Q

palpation of tissue using a finger and thumb on the same hand

A

bidigital

49
Q

contains pus and yellowish in color. may be less that 5mm

A

pustule

50
Q

lesions that contain fluid and are usually soft and translucent

A

blisterform

51
Q

a large lesion (>1cm) that is filled with fluid usually mucin or serum

A

bulla

52
Q

slightly raised lesion with a broad flat top

A

plaque

53
Q

a small (pinhead) solid lesion that may be pointed, rounded or flat-topped

A

papule

54
Q

induration or hardening

A

sclerosis

55
Q

is 2cm or > in width, general swelling or enlargement but not a neoplasm

A

tumor

56
Q

growing outward

A

exophytic

57
Q

type of stains that develop or originate from sources outside the tooth

A

exogenous

58
Q

hardened; abnormally hard

A

indurated

59
Q

perceiving by sense of touch

A

palpation

60
Q

circumscribed flat lesion larger than a macule

A

patch

61
Q

motor disturbance of the trigeminal nerve especially of spasm the masticatory muscles with difficulty in opening the mouth

A

trismus

62
Q

hemorrhagic spot of pinpoint to pinhead size

A

petechia

63
Q

disease of the lymph nodes

A

lymphadenepathy

64
Q

a benign bony growth projecting from the surface of the bone

A

exotosis

65
Q

red area of variable size and shape

A

erythema

66
Q

stains that occur within the tooth substance

A

intrinsic

67
Q

stains develop or originate from within the tooth

A

endogenous

68
Q

(Rh incompatibility) may leave a green, brown, or blue hue to the teeth

A

erythroblastosis fetalis

69
Q

resembling a small, nipple shaped projection or elevation

A

papilla

70
Q

location of stains that occur on the external surface of the tooth

A

extrinsic

71
Q

(type of pupils) occurs in shock, heart failure, and other emergencies

A

dilated

72
Q

marked with points or dots differentiated from the surrounding surface color, elevation, or texture

A

punctate

73
Q

any mass of tissue that projects outward or upward from the normal surface level

A

polyp

74
Q

white patch or plaque that cannot be scraped off or characterized as any other disease

A

leukoplakia

75
Q

larger than a papule but less than 1 cm

A

nodule

76
Q

anterior or inferior surface of tissue

A

ventral

77
Q

results from ingestion of excessive fluoride ion in drinking water during the period of mineralization

A

enamel hypomineralization

78
Q

lesion has a base as wide as the lesion itself

A

sessile

79
Q

shallow depressed lesion that does not extend through the epithelium to the underlying tissue

A

erosion

80
Q

(types of pupil) occurs in use of morphine and related drugs, heroin, barbituates

A

pinpoint

81
Q

8 warning sings of oral cancer

A
  1. swelling, lump or growth anywhere with or without pain
  2. white scaly patches, or red velvety areas
  3. any sore that does not heal promptly (within 2 weeks)
  4. numbness and tingling
  5. excessive dryness or wetness
  6. prolonged hoarseness, sore throat, lump in throat
  7. difficulty swallowing
  8. difficulty opening mouth
82
Q

lesion may occur as single or multiple lesion and have regular or irregular form

A

flat

83
Q

intake of too much fluoride ion can cause enamel alterations that are a result of toxic damage to the ameloblasts

A

fluoride ion

84
Q

lesion is attached by narrow stalk or pedicle

A

pedunculated

85
Q

common sites for neoplasms in oral cavity

A

floor of mouth
lateral parts of tongue
lower lip
soft palate complex

86
Q

what is considered to be excessive fluoride?

A

2ppm

87
Q

characteristics of green stain except

A

food products

88
Q

causes of exogenous intrinsic stain except

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

89
Q

t/f
endogenous stains are always extrinsic and the stains usually are discoloration of the dentin reflected through the enamel

A

false/true

90
Q

microorganisms are predominately ______ in calculus and most of those organisms are considered to be viable or nonviable?

A

cocci and rod shaped

nonviable

91
Q

what type of organisms provide the matrix for deposition of minerals

A

filamentous microorganisms

92
Q

what stain has a calculus like characteristic

A

black-line stain

93
Q

leave has caries inhibiting effect

A

betal leaf

94
Q

main reason for noncompliance with stannous fluoride

A

metallic taste from tin oxide

95
Q

another name for calculus that indicates that the source of the minerals is in the blood stream

A

serumal

96
Q

food source that contains pyrophosphates

A

marshmallows

97
Q

tetracyclin has an affinity for

A

calcified tissues

98
Q

condition where enamel is partly or completely missing and teeth are yellowish-brown or gray-brown

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

99
Q

area of teeth have heaviest subgingival deposits

A

interproximal surfaces

100
Q

what does supramarginal mean

A

above gingival margin

101
Q

type of calculus has an amorphous shape, bulky?

A

supragingival

102
Q

t/f

calculus is not significant in the progression of inflammatory periodontal disease

A

false

103
Q

t/f
the control of plaque deposits supplemented by complete calculus removal by the patient can reduce or eliminate gingival inflammation

A

false

104
Q

4 ways to inhibit calculus formation (according to mrs. j)

A

professional removal
personal biofilm control
anticalculus dentifrice
marshmallows

105
Q

8 warning signs of periodontal disease

A
  1. gums that bleed when brushed
  2. gums that are red, swollen, and tender
  3. gums that have pulled away from teeth
  4. pus between the teeth and gums when gums are pressed
  5. permanent teeth that are loose or separating
  6. any change in the way teeth fit together when you bite
  7. any changes in the fit of your partial dentures
  8. bad breath
106
Q

endodontic therapy and restorative materials match the following
silver, strong iodine…..colors

A

BDEAC

CDBA

107
Q

details on examining the tongue

A

to observe the posterior third of the tongue and the attachment to the floor of the mouth, hold the tongue with a gauze sponge, retract the cheek, and move the tongue out, first to one side and then the other, as each section of the mucosa is carefully examined

126 (15 decks)

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