SFP: liver and gallbladder Flashcards
Describe the basic positioning of the liver
Found in the RUQ, contacts the diaphragm, and crosses to the left midclavicular line
What is the gross structure of the liver
Two lobes (right and left) separated by the falciform ligament
What are the two surfaces of the liver
Convex diaphragmatic and concave visceral
Describe the lesser omentum in relation to the liver
Extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of duodenum
What two ligaments are associated with the liver and lesser omentum
Hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric
What ligament is associated with the superior surface of the liver
Superior leaf of coronary ligament
What is the porta hepatis
The entrance of the portal vein and hepatic arteries, as well as exit of hepatic ducts
What remnants of fetal veins are found in the porta hepatis
Ligamentum venosum and ligamentum teres hepatis
What are the 4 anatomical lobes of the liver
Right, left, quadrate, caudate
What is the omental bursa
An area posterior the lesser omentum and the stomach
What connects the omental bursa with the greater peritoneal sac
The epiploic foramen
What are the margins of the omental bursa
Anterior margin is the hepatogastric ligament and hepatoduodenal ligament, and it extends to the hilum of the spleen and its 2 peritoneal ligaments
A physician sticks his finger through the epiploic foramen and into the lesser omentum. What is anterior to the finger?
The hepatoduodenal ligament, portal vein, bile duct, and hepatic artery
A physician sticks his finger through the epiploic foramen and into the lesser omentum. What is posterior to the finger?
Inferior vena cava
A physician sticks his finger through the epiploic foramen and into the lesser omentum. What is superior to the finger?
Caudate lobe of the liver
A physician sticks his finger through the epiploic foramen and into the lesser omentum. What is inferior to the finger?
First part of the duodenum
What veins drain the blood from the liver
The right, middle, and left hepatic veins that drain to the inferior vena cava
What is a portal triad
Branch of hepatic artery, bile duct, and portal vein
What is the principal plane of the liver
The 2 liver halves separated by the middle hepatic vein
What is the intersegmental plane of the liver
It divides the right lobe of the liver via the right hepatic vein
What is the transverse plane of the liver
Cuts it horizontally via horizontal portal branches
What divides the left lobe of the liver
Falciform ligament and ligamentum venosum at the left hepatic vein
Describe the basic positioning of the gall bladder
It is found at the midclavicular line around the 9th costal cartilage
What is the function of the gall bladder
Bile storage and concentration by water absorption
Where can the gallbladder cause referred pain to
Right upper shoulder and neck
Describe the duct system associated with the gall bladder
The gallbladder’s contents drain to the cystic duct, which merges with the bile duct. The right and left hepatic ducts will form the common hepatic duct that also merges with the bile duct
What does the anterior surface of the gallbladder contact
The visceral surface of the liver; no peritoneum between!
What does the fundus of the gallbladder contact
The anterior abdominal wall
What does the posterior surface of the gallbladder contact
The 1st and 2nd parts of the duodenum
What is posterior and inferior to the body of the gall bladder
The hepatic flexure of the colon
What are some issues with gallstones
The inflammation can cause fistula into the duodenum, colon, bile duct, and stomach
What is a gallstone ileus
A large gallstone that makes it to the ileum and impacts the ileocecal junction
What does the gastroduodenal artery perfuse
The first part of the duodenum with the bile duct and stomach
What does the common hepatic artery perfuse
The foregut
The proper hepatic artery gives rise to…
The right and left hepatic arteries
What do the right and left hepatic arteries perfuse
Their respective lobes of the liver
What does the cystic artery branch from
The right hepatic artery
What does the cystic artery perfuse
The gallbladder
What is the cystic triangle of Callot
Triangle made from the cystic duct on the right, common hepatic duct on the left, and superiorly the liver
The cystic triangle of Callot helps us find the…
Cystic artery
What is the function of the portal vein
Brings blood from GI organs to the liver for detoxification
