Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Question 1

STIs

Answer 1

infection that is transmitted through sexual contact (anal, oral, vaginal)

Question 2

what is the causative agent for syphilis?

Answer 2

treponema pallidum

Question 3

what is the mode of transmission for syphilis?

Answer 3

sexual contact
blood transfusion
placental transmission

Question 4

describe the primary stage of syphilis

Answer 4

incubation period: 10-90 days
painless chancre

Question 5

describe the secondary stage of syphilis

Answer 5

rash, lesions
test will show up positive

Question 6

describe the latent stage of syphilis

Answer 6

“hidden stage”

Question 7

describe the late/tertiary stage of syphilis

Answer 7

damage to internal organs

Question 8

what are the diagnostic techniques for syphilis

Answer 8

physical, medical history, confirmed lab test

Question 9

nontreponemal

Answer 9

indirectly measures antibodies

Question 10

treponemal

Answer 10

directly measures the antibodies

Question 11

treatment for syphilis

Answer 11

penicillin

Question 12

characteristics of chlamydia

Answer 12

most frequently reported infectious disease
age group 18-24
incubation period: 7-14 days

Question 13

causative agent of chlamydia

Answer 13

chlamydia trachomatis

Question 14

modes of transmission (chlamydia)

Answer 14

sexual contact
placental transmission

Question 15

signs/Sx (chlamydia)

Answer 15

“silent infection”
M: 90% asx
F: 70-95% asx, bleeding bw periods
Both: opaque discharge, urethral itching, burning during urination

Question 16

diagnostic techniques (chlamydia)

Answer 16

tissue cultures
cytology
antigen detection via serology

Question 17

treatment (chlamydia)

Answer 17

azithromycin
amoxicillin
doxycycline
erythromycin

Question 18

contact history (chlamydia)

Answer 18

60 days prior to onset of symptoms or last sexual encounter

Question 19

characteristics of gonorrhea

Answer 19

incubation period: 2-7 days
“clap”

Question 20

causative agent (gonorrhea)

Answer 20

neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 21

modes of transmission (gonorrhea)

Answer 21

sexual contact
placental transmission

Question 22

signs/Sx (gonorrhea)

Answer 22

M: purulent discharge, burning while urinating
F: mild discharge, burning when urinating

Question 23

diagnostic techniques (gonorrhea)

Answer 23

Hx of signs/Sx
smear/culture techniques

Question 24

treatment (gonorrhea)

Answer 24

ceftriaxone

Question 25

contact history (gonorrhea)

Answer 25

60 days prior to Sx or last sexual encounter

Question 26

incubation period (herpes)

Answer 26

2-12 days

Question 27

modes of transmission (herpes)

Answer 27

HSV1: contact w/ saliva, causes cold sores/fever blisters HSV2: sexual contact, causes genital herpes

Question 28

signs/Sx (herpes)

Answer 28

burning, itching before blisters dull throb, pressure grape like clusters, crusting, healing

Question 29

diagnosis techniques (herpes)

Answer 29

culture

Question 30

treatment (herpes)

Answer 30

no cure symptoms can be treated

Question 31

incubation period (genital warts)

Answer 31

60-90 days

Question 32

causative agent (genital warts)

Answer 32

HPV (human papilloma virus)

Question 33

modes of transmission (genital warts)

Answer 33

sexual contact auto-inoculated

Question 34

signs/Sx (genital warts)

Answer 34

discharge, itching, burning

Question 35

diagnosis techniques

Answer 35

biopsy of warts laboratory tests (PCR/ELISA)

Question 36

Tx (genital warts)

Answer 36

no treatment for virus healthy immune system can fight off virus Sx treated w/ Aldara or Condylox avoid direct contact with lesions

Question 37

contact history (genital warts)

Answer 37

N/A

Question 38

causative agent (pubic lice)

Answer 38

phthirus pubis

Question 39

incubation period (public lice)

Answer 39

15 days

Question 40

modes of transmission (public lice)

Answer 40

sexual contact

Question 41

signs/Sx (public lice)

Answer 41

itching damaging/reddening of skin lice eggs/crawling lice

Question 42

treatment (public lice)

Answer 42

pediculicide (lice killing shampoo)

Question 43

chancroid

Answer 43

bacterial infection produces genital ulcers

Question 44

causative agent (chancroid)

Answer 44

haemophilus ducreyi

Question 45

signs/Sx (chancroid)

Answer 45

1-14 days: small bumps on genitals painful necrotizing ulcer base is covered w/ gray or yellowish-gray material

Question 46

diagnosis techniques (chancroid)

Answer 46

looking at ulcers checking for swollen lymph nodes culture from base of ulcer

Question 47

Tx (chancroid)

Answer 47

antibiotics swelling drained

Question 48

contact Hx (chancroid)

Answer 48

10 days preceding onset of symptoms

Question 49

STI prevention

Answer 49

WE DON'T DIAGNOSIS review current CDC STD Tx Guidelines/APHA manual initial testing follow-up testing health education/early detection avoid contact if symptoms are present investigate contacts use immunization

Question 50

PH's roles/responsibilities

Answer 50

Commander- ensure STI program exist Chief of aerospace medicine- provides medical oversight/ensures specialists provide guidance Professional staff- make referrals/perform follow-ups Lab- ensure + are referred to PH PH- identifies, interviews, educates, review lab logs, reporting, make referrals Liaison- local PH