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NURSING 3 > Sexually transmitted diseases > Flashcards

Sexually transmitted diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the infectious process

A

Colonization
- microorganisms without host interference

Infection

  • Host interaction with an organism
  • can be suggested based on clinical evidence of erythema, heat and pain, WBC counts

Infectious disease
- infected host displays a decline due to infection

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2
Q

STI - how does one get it

A

Acquired through sexual contact with an infected person

– enters through skin and mucosal linings of the urethra, cervix, vagina, rectum and oropharynx

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3
Q

STI risk factors

A 
unprotected sex
multiple partners
under 26 years of age
sex at an early age
alcohol or illegal drugs
IV drugs
history of STI
prostitution
oral contraceptives as only form of contraception
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4
Q

Syphilis - how is it acquired

A

acquired through sexual contact

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5
Q

Primary syphilis

A

2-3 weeks

Painless lesion

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6
Q

Secondary syphilis

A

2-8 weeks
involved trunk and extremities (palms and soles of feet)
s/s:
- lymphadenopathy, arthritis, meningitis, hair loss, fever, malaise, weight loss

can have a period of latency - no s/s

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7
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

Progressive inflammation affecting multiple organs

Not ass common - using abx

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8
Q

Syphilis treatment

A

antibiotics

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9
Q

Syphilis - what must happen if someone tests positive

A

report to public health

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10
Q

Syphilis - severe complications

A

dementia, psychosis, stroke, meningitis, paresis

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11
Q

Nursing care for syphilis

A

Test 3-12 months

notify public health

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12
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: how it is acquired?

A

sexual relations or transmitted from mother to child during vaginal birth

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13
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: risk factors

A

increased sexual partners

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14
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: clinical s/s women

A

no symptoms in women; however, they can have mucopurulent cervicitis with exudates in the endocervical canal.

women with gonorrhea can present with s/s UTI or vaginitis

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15
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: s/s men

A

can be asymptomatic
burning during urination and penile discharge, swollen testicles
fever, discharge, signs of arthritis

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16
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: diagnostics

A

Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)

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17
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae: medical management

A

Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Gonorrhea - ceftriaxone

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis & Neisseria gonorrhoeae: nursing management

A

education - reinforcing the importance of abstinence, when appropriate, education should address postponing the age of initial sexual exposure, limiting the number of sexual partners, and use of condoms or barrier protection

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19
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis & Neisseria gonorrhoeae: complications

A

Ectopic pregnancies
Endometritis
Infertility

20
Q

Human papillomavirus - facts

A

Most common among young, sexually active people
Many are unaware they carry the virus
Highest risk factor for cervical cancer

21
Q

HPV affects what

A

The skin ad mucus membranes through sexual contact

22
Q

Risk factors for HPV

A

being sexually active, having multiple sex partners, and having sex with a partner who has or has had multiple partners

23
Q

HPV manifestations

A

condylomata (genital warts) - visible, flesh-colored, flat, verrucous, or papillary

24
Q

What can be used to help prevent the spread of HPV

A

immunication

25
Q

What is herpes genitalis

A

A lifelong viral infection that causes herpetic lesions (blisters) on the vulva, vagina, and cervix in females and the penis in males

There are two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV): HSV-1 and HSV-2, which are clinically indistinguishable

26
Q

Herpes type 1

A

known as the oral type and can be transmitted to the genitalia by oral sex or self-inoculation (i.e., touching a cold sore and then touching the genital area).

27
Q

Herpes type 2

A

HSV-2 is always transmitted sexually

28
Q

Herpes type 2 - transmission

A

most transmission is asymptomatic

29
Q

Herpes type 2 tx

A

antiviral - acyclovir

30
Q

herpes type 2 - nursing education

A

can still pass along infection without s/s

31
Q

What herpes has a more common reoccurence

A

HSV-2

32
Q

What might trigger HSV type 1

A

stress, inadequate rest or nutrition

33
Q 
Routes of transmission: 
Chlamydia 
Gonorrhea
Herpes simplex
HPV
Syphilis
Trichomoniasis
A 
Chlamydia = sexual 
Gonorrhea = sexual 
Herpes simplex = sexual, percutaneous, perianal
HPV = sexual, percutaneous 
Syphilis = sexual, perianal 
Trichomoniasis = sexual
34
Q

What is pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Condition of pelvic cavity

35
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease s/s

A

Achy lower abdominal pelvis area
discharge with odor
painful
bleeding during sex

36
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease tx

A

doxycycline

If patient is hospitalized, need to be on bedrest and in semi-fowlers position to facilitate drainage

37
Q

PID education

A

No douching
Wear cotton undergarments
no tampons
no tight fitting clothing

38
Q

BV treatment

A

Metronidazole for about 7 days

39
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Common STD
Discharge is yellow/green, malodorous, irritated
Diagnosed with NAAT test

When provider does assessment with speculum, the patient will show cervical erythema, petechiae, pH greater than 4.5

40
Q

Trichomoniasis treatment

A

Metronidazole
both partners need to have a one time loading dose and they need to abstain from sexual activity until both partners are treated

41
Q

Epididymitis

A

Can be a result of sexual activity

42
Q

Epididymitis treatment

A

Bedrest
Elevate scrotum
Takes about 4 week to decrease swelling

43
Q

What are some ss of epididymitis

A

low grade fever, chills, c/o unilateral pain, soreness

44
Q

Orchitis s/s

A

Fever pain tenderness , bilateral or unilateral swelling, discharge, blood in semen

45
Q

Orchitis treatments

A

Abx if bacterial

If viral - elevated scrotum, icepacks, elevate, NSAIDS

NURSING 3 (16 decks)

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