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NURSING 3 > Reproductive Function (14) > Flashcards

Reproductive Function (14) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are external reproductive structures

A 
Mons pubis 
Vulva vistibule 
Labia majora 
Labia minora 
Clitorus
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2
Q

What are internal female reproductive structures?

A 
Vagina 
Uterus 
Ovaries 
Fallopian Tubes 
Breasts
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3
Q

What stimulation breast development?

A

Estrogen and other hormones

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4
Q

What are glandular lobules and ducks of the breasts bound and separated by?

A

fibrous tissue and fat

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5
Q

What fills the space between the breast lobes and ducts

A

fatty tissue - gives the breasts a soft texture

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6
Q

What is the function of female reproduction?

A

Prepare the woman’s body, monthly to accept a fertilzed egg and proper environment for growth of a fetus

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7
Q

When is the average age of menarche>

A

average 12 years old, but can range from 8-18

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8
Q

When does ovulation occur?

A

usually occurs halfway through a typical 28 day cycle

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9
Q

Where is the egg released during ovulation?

A

into fallopian tube where it waits to be fertilized

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10
Q

What happens if fertilization does not occur during the cycle?

A

hormones decrease and menstruation begins

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11
Q

What hormones are responsible for the menstrual cycle?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, androgens, follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS), luteinizing hormone (LH)

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12
Q

What is the role of estrogen?

A

Responsible for development and maintenance of reproductive organs

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13
Q

What is the role of progesterone

A

regulates uterine changes

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14
Q

What do androgens do in females?

A

stimulate follicular development

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15
Q

What releases Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone?

A

Pituitary gland

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16
Q

What does the Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?

A

stimulates ovaries to secrete estrogen

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17
Q

What does the luteinizing hormone do?

A

stimulates progesterone production

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18
Q

What is menstruation?

A

shedding of the uterine lining since pregnancy was not established

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19
Q

Describe perimenopause

A

Transitional time (5-8 years) before last menstrual period

20
Q

What are signs and symptoms of perimenopause?

A

irregular menstrual period, hot flashes, night sweats, breast tenderness, mood changes, sleep disturbances, sexual dysfunction

21
Q

What is happening during perimenopause?

A

Estrogen levels decrease

Unpredictable ovulation cycles - can lead to unintended pregnancies

22
Q

What can play a huge role in perimenopause?

A

Hormone therapy

23
Q

What are we concerned about with hormone therapy?

A

Thrombo-events

- strokes, DVT, PE

24
Q

When does a female have a dx of menopause?

A

12 months of amennorhea

25
Q

What is menopause?

A

end of any type of reproductive capacity

  • ovaries are no longer active
  • reproductive organs become smaller
  • normal part of aging
26
Q

When does menopause typically kick in?

A

45-52 years

27
Q

Assessment of female reproductive system?

A 
Menstrual history 
Sexual history 
Contraceptive use 
Medication use (past as well)
Vaginal discharge
Hx Urinary fx 
Hx bowel issues 
Hx fertilizing treatments 
Hx breast health 
Hx surgery or procedures that might impact reproductive tract 
Hx chronic illness 
Psychosocial information
Hx physical/sexual abuse
28
Q

Pelvic examination assessment order

A

Inspection, palpation, speculum examination, bimanual palpation

29
Q

Breast assessment (order of assessment)

A

Inspection, palpation, nipple discharge

30
Q

How is a breast exam performed?

A

arm up

outer limits and work towards nipple in clockwise motion

31
Q

what does normal discharge look like?

A

Mucus/white

32
Q

Candida infection: symptoms, odor, consistency/color

A

S/s: itching, irritation
Odor: yeast order or none
Consistency/color: thin to thick, curd-like/white

33
Q

Bacterial vaginosis: symptoms, odor, consistency/color

A

S/s: odor
Odor: Fishy, often noticed after intercourse
Consistency: thin/grayish or yellow

34
Q

Trichomonas infection: symptoms, odor, consistency/color

A

s/s: Irritation, odor
Odor: Malodorous
Consistency/color: Copious, often frothy/yellow green

35
Q

Atrophic vaginal discharge: symptoms, odor, consistency/color

A

s/s: vulvar or vaginal dryness
Odor: occasional milk malodor
Consistency/color: Usually scant and mucoid/may be blood-tinged

36
Q

What are types of reproductive diagnostic evaluation tools?

A

Papanicolaou (PAP) test
Uterine diagnostics
Mammography

37
Q

What are examples of Uterine diagnostics

A

Colposcopy
Cervical biopsy
Cryotherapy and laser therapy
Cone biopsy and loop electrosurgical excision procedure

38
Q

What are ways a mammography can be performed?

A

Ultrasound or MRI

39
Q

What is the main reason for Pap smear

A

cervical procedure

40
Q

What are things to keep in mind before a papsmear?

A

Should not be on period - no tampon use before
No douching
No sexual intercourse 2 days before

41
Q

What are the structures of the male reproductive system?

A 
Testicles 
Vas Deferens
Seminal Vesicles 
Penis 
Prostate Gland
Testosterone
42
Q

Male reproductive assessment

A 
Health hx
Sexual hx 
Sexual fx
STD hx 
Urinary changes **
43
Q

Physical assessment of males

A

Penis
Scrotum
Digital rectum exam
Breasts

44
Q

What are diagnostic tools for the male reproductive system?

A

Prostate-Specific antigen
Ultrasound
Prostate fluid or tissue analysis

45
Q

What should prostate-specific antigen be?

A

0.2-0.4

46
Q

What are examples of tests for male sexual function

A

nocturnal penile tumescence test
Penile doppler
Psychosocial evaluation

47
Q

Female and male gerontological considerations: reproductive system

A 
Vulvar dystrophy 
Uterine prolapse 
Decreased libido 
Male sexual dysfunction
Benign prostatic hyperplasia

NURSING 3 (16 decks)

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