Sexuality Flashcards
Special Considerations in Teen Pregnancy
- limited experience seeking health care independently
- need assistance navigating complex health care system
- need to know their concerns are being heard
- nurse needs to pay attention to what they don’t verbalize
- potential knowledge deficit and embarrassment
Main causes of teen mortality in the US are…
- high risk behaviors
- Disease: HIV, STIs, smoking, sedentary lifestyle
- Behaviors: MVAs, homicide, suicide, accidental injuries
What are 3 reasons why teen delay the seeking of pregnancy services?
- fail to recognize the signs of pregnancy
- falsely hoping the pregnancy will just go away
- keeping the pregnancy a secret from family members
Increased risk for substance abuse, poor compliance with prenatal care, and poor birth outcome are all associated with…
violence during pregnancy
What is the highest risk factor for having a repeat pregnancy?
coming from a disadvantaged background
Teen mothers who have a closely spaced second pregnancy have…
poorer birth, educational, and economic outcomes than those who do not
What percentage of teen births are repeat births?
~19%
What groups are at risk for impaired sexuality?
- adolescents
- minorities
- intellectually and developmentally disabled
- newly unpartnered
Risk Factors for Impaired Sexuality
- multiple partners
- casual partners
- unsafe sex
- substance abuse
What are the most prevalent STDs?
chlamydia, syphilis, and gonorrhea
Chlamydia: Signs & Symptoms
- may be asymptomatic
- discharge
- inflammation of the rectum and lining of the eye
- can be found inside the throat
- epididymis and urethral tingling
- PID
- endocervicitis
Chlamydia: Treatment
- azithromycin
- doxycycline
- erythromycin
- ofloxacin
What is the MOST common STI?
chlamydia
What is the highest predictor of a chlamydial infection?
Age–between 15 and 19 years old
Gonorrhea: Signs & Symptoms
- may be asymptomatic
- dysuria
- discharge
- arthritis
- PID
- urinary frequency in females
- epididymitis
Gonorrhea: Treatment
suprax, cipro, rocephin, floxin, levaquin, zithromax, vibramycin
Herpes Type II: Signs & Symptoms
blister-like genital lesions, dysuria, headache, muscle aches
Herpes Type II: Treatment
- acyclovir
- no cure
Syphilis: Signs & Symptoms
chancres, rash, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, flu-like symptoms
Syphilis: Treatment
penicillin G, doxycycline, erythromycin
Trichomoniasis: Signs & Symptoms
yellow/grey, frothy, odorous vaginal discharge, vulvar itching, edema, and redness
Trichomoniasis: Treatment
topical clotrimazole
Bacterial Vaginosis: Signs & Symptoms
thin, grey vaginal discharge with fish-like odor, intense pruritus
Bacterial Vaginosis: Treatment
metronidazole, clindamycin, tinidazole
Which two STDs are vaccine-preventable?
Hepatitis B (HBV) and HPV
What percentage of women develop PID after having an undiagnosed chlamydial infection?
10-15%
What percentage of women with PID develop tubal factor infertility?
10-15%
Women who have PID are __x more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy than women who do not
6-10
What percentage of ectopic pregnancies can be attributed to PID?
40-50%
What strains of HPV lead to genital warts?
6/11
What strains of HPV lead to cervical cancer?
16/18
True or False: The majority of HPV cases that lead to death occur in low- and middle-income countries.
True
Why do most HPV cases that result in death occur in low- and middle-income countries?
There is little or no access to cervical cancer screening and treatment
All of the curable STIs have been linked with…
preterm labor
What serious eye infection can a newborn get if his/her mother had an untreated chlamydial or gonorrheal infection?
Opthalmis neonatorum
What complication can result from untreated opthalmis neonatorum?
blindness
How does sexuality change as males get older?
- getting an erection takes longer
- the erection may be less rigid
- longer delay before ejaculation
- orgasm is less intense
- erection is lost quickly after ejaculation
How does sexuality change as females get older?
- vaginal lubrication takes longer
- the length and width of the vagina decreases
- resolution phase of the sexual response occurs more quickly
- clitoral retraction and orgasmic platform disappear quickly after orgasm
What are the phases of the human sexual response?
- Excitement Phase
- Plateau Phase
- Orgasmic Phase
- Resolution Phase
What are positive sexual attitudes and behaviors?
- being present
- authenticity
- intense emotional connection
- sexual and erotic intimacy
- communication
- transcendence
What is included in a sexual history?
- usual sexual patterns
- number of partners
- frequency of sexual activity
- level of satisfaction
- knowledge level of sexual functioning
- perceived problems
In the female sexual response, stimulation leads to…
vasocongestion
What is the hormone of sexual desire?
Testosterone
