Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

371 Final Exam > Pregnancy/Reproduction > Flashcards

Pregnancy/Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

How do you calculate EDD?

A

LMP + 1 Year - 3 Months + 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

G: Gravida

A

total number of pregnancies (including current one)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

P: Para

A

number of pregnancies that have lasted past 20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T: Term Births

A

number of pregnancies that have ended at or after 37 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

P: Preterm Births

A

number of pregnancies that have ended at or after 20 weeks, but before 37 weeks (20-36 weeks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A: Abortions

A

number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

L: Living Children

A

number of children currently living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chadwick’s Sign

A

bluish/purple discoloration of the cervix (think C for color)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Goodell’s Sign

A

softening of the cervix (think GOOey)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hedger’s Signs

A

softening of the lower uterine segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many extra calories are needed during the 1st trimester?

A

none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many extra calories are needed during the 2nd trimester?

A

340

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many extra calories are needed during the 3rd trimester?

A

450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is the first ultrasound done?

A

to confirm pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When and why is the second ultrasound done?

A

18-20 weeks

looks for congenital malformations, excludes multiples, confirms dates, and identifies gender (if wanted)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When and why is the third ultrasound done?

A

34 weeks

determines fetal weight, height, growth, and verifies placental position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What can ultrasound detect?

A

Fetal heartbeat, movement, and breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does increased circulating maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein indicate?

A

failure of neural tubes to close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does decreased circulating maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein indicate?

A

down’s syndrome hydatidiform mole, excessive maternal weight, maternal diabetes I, or trisomy 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is amniocentesis?

A

transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac with a fluid sample retraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does an amniocentesis do at 11-14 weeks?

A

detects genetic abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does an amniocentesis do at 15-20 weeks?

A

detect chromosomal abnormalities, evaluates fetal condition when mother is sensitive to Rh+ blood, diagnoses intrauterine infection, and investigates amniotic fluid AFP levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does an amniocentesis do at 35+ weeks?

A

determines fetal lung maturity and Rh isoimmunization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are risks associated with amniocentesis?

A

spontaneous miscarriage and fluid leak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

A

needle aspiration of chronic villus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) detect?

A
  • chromosomal disorders
  • enzyme deficiencies
  • fetal gender
  • sex-linked disorders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is another name for Cordocentesis?

A

Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How is Cordocentesis done?

A

aspiration of fetal blood from the umbilical cord near the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why is Cordocentesis done?

A
  • needed for karyotyping
  • diagnosis and intrauterine management of Rh disease
  • diagnosis of disorders that require fetal blood for testing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Behavioral Methods of Contraception

A
  • abstinence
  • fertility awareness
  • withdrawal
  • lactation amenorrhea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

In Fertility Awareness, when it is unsafe to have sex?

A

three days before, during, and after ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the success rate of fertility awareness?

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Cervical Mucus Ovulation Method

A

looks for spinnbarkeit mucous that is slippery and stretchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

When using the Cervical Mucus Ovulation method, when is it safe to have sex?

A

before the spinnbarkeit mucous appears and two days after its gone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When using the Basal Body Temperature methods, when should you take your temperature?

A

at the same time every day, usually when you first wake up in the morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How much does ovulation change body temperature?

A

increase of ~0.5-1.0 degrees F that lasts until the next menstruation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the Symptothermal Method?

A

a combination of basal body temperature, cervix firmness and position, increased libido, mittelschmertz, pelvic fullness or tenderness, and breast tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the cervix like during ovulation?

A

firm and high in the vagina or posterior; OS is slightly open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the cervix like during menstruation?

A

cervix is anterior and very soft and pliable

40
Q

Standard Days Method

A

Avoid sex on days 8-19

41
Q

The Standard Days Method is only effective for…

A

women with cycles between 26 and 32 days

42
Q

How effective is the withdrawal method?

A

27% failure–the first few drops of semen contain most of the sperm load

43
Q

What is the best kind of contraception?

A

The one that you use correctly and consistently

44
Q

How effective are male condoms?

A

85-98% effective

45
Q

How effective are female condoms?

A

79-95% effective

46
Q

How long can you leave a diaphragm in?

A

No more than 24 hours–risk for TSS

47
Q

True or False: You can buy a diaphragm at a drug/convenience store.

A

False–they are only available by prescription

48
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A
  • fever greater than 101.1
  • feeling light-headed and dizzy
  • development of a generalized rash
49
Q

When should a diaphragm be inserted?

A

4 hours before intercourse

50
Q

How long does the diaphragm have to be left in after intercourse?

A

6 hours

51
Q

How do you check for holes in a diaphragm?

A

running water over it

52
Q

How do you get a cervical cap?

A

prescription from doctor

53
Q

What is a risk associated with a cervical cap?

A

TSS

54
Q

How effective is oral contraception?

A

92-99% effective

55
Q

What kind of oral contraceptives should a woman use if she is lactating?

A

progestin-only pills

56
Q

What are monophasic oral contraceptives?

A

pills that deliver fixed doses of estrogen and progestin throughout a 21-day cycle

57
Q

What are triphasic oral contraceptives?

A

pills that deliver varied amount of estrogen and progestin throughout a 21-day cycle

58
Q

How effective is injectable birth control?

A

97-99% effective

59
Q

How effective are transdermal patches?

A

92-99% effective

60
Q

How effective are vaginal rings?

A

92-99% effective

61
Q

How long are vaginal rings left?

A

3 weeks in, 1 week out

62
Q

How effective are implantable birth control devices?

A

> 99% effective

63
Q

How often should Implanon be replaced?

A

every 36 months

64
Q

How effective are intrauterine systems?

A

99% effective

65
Q

PAINS Warning Signs

A 
P: period is late or abnormal
A: abdominal pain
I: infection
N: not feeling well
S: strings may not be in the correct place
66
Q

True or False: IUDs can transmit infections deeper into the reproductive tract

A

True

67
Q

How often is Mirena replaced?

A

every 5 years

68
Q

How often are copper IUDs replaced?

A

every 7 years

69
Q

How effective is emergency contraception?

A

58-94% effective

70
Q

What is Ovarette?

A

progestin-only pills that are effective up to 5 days after intercourse/failed contraception

71
Q

True or False: A prescription is not required for Ovarette?

A

False

72
Q

True or False: Plan B works if you are already pregnant

A

False

73
Q

When should Plan B be taken?

A

Within 72 hours after intercourse/failed contraception, but the sooner the better

74
Q

What is Mifeprex?

A

Non-surgical abortion

75
Q

Where is Mifeprex taken?

A

A doctor’s office or clinic

76
Q

When can Mifeprex be taken?

A

Up to 49 days after days after the beginning of a woman’s LMP

77
Q

How does Mifeprex work?

A

It blocks progesterone, which prepares the lining of the uterus and helps maintain pregnancy

78
Q

Transcervical Tubal Ligation

A

a tiny coil is released into the fallopian tubes through the cervix; overtime, scar tissue will form around the coils and block off the fallopian tubes, preventing sperm from reaching the egg

79
Q

How long does it take for a transcervical tubal ligation to become effective?

A

3 months

80
Q

True or False: A vasectomy is not immediately effective after the procedure.

A

True–must submit two semen samples with no sperm present

81
Q

True or False: Weight gain during pregnancy is the strongest predictor of infant birth weight.

A

True

82
Q

Which populations are at the greatest risk for reproduction problems?

A

adolescents and those in poverty

83
Q

What are reasons for getting an abortion?

A
  • woman’s request
  • genetic disorder of fetus
  • rape and incest
  • preserving the health of the woman
84
Q

Abortion

A

Termination of the pregnancy before 20 weeks for any reason

85
Q

How long do most sperm survive?

A

1-2 days tops

86
Q

After ovulation, the ovum needs to be fertilized within…

A

24 hours

87
Q

When does the fetal period begin and end?

A

Begins at 9 weeks and extends until birth

88
Q

When does the embryonic period begin and end?

A

Begins the 3rd week and ends after the 8th week

89
Q

When are all major organ systems in place?

A

By the end of the 8th week

90
Q

During the embryonic period, what can cause major structural and functional damage to the developing organs?

A

Teratogens

91
Q

When does growth and refinement of the organ systems occur?

A

During the fetal period

92
Q

True or False: The CNS is only vulnerable to damaging agents during the first and second trimesters.

A

False–it is vulnerable during the whole pregnancy

93
Q

True or False: Fetal circulation consists of 1 umbilical artery and 2 umbilical veins.

A

False–two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein

94
Q

What does the umbilical vein do?

A

Carries deoxygenated and nutrient rich blood to the fetus

95
Q

What do the umbilical arteries do?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood and waste products to the placenta for transfer to the mother’s blood

96
Q

What reduces compression and torsion of the umbilical vessels?

A

Wharton’s jelly

371 Final Exam (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions