Sexuality Flashcards
What are sexual scripts?
a stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should behave sexually
According to the National Sexual Health Survey, what is the mean age for first sexual intercourse?
18 years
What are some risk factors of sexual activity in adolescence? (5)
- not emotionally prepared
- early sexual activity linked with risky behaviours (e.g., drugs)
- personal fable (it won’t happen to me)
- teen pregnancy
- STIs
Name the 4 stages of the Formation of Homosexual Identities
- Sensitization
- Identity Confusion
- Identity Assumption
- Commitment
Explain the stage of Sensitization (4)
- marginalized from peers
- more concern with gender gratification
- internalization of negative self concept
- occurs before puberty
Explain the stage of Identity Confusion (4)
- begin to recognize homosexual feelings and behaviours
- conflict between identity developed as a child and identity demanded as an adolescence
- no evidence for a clear category for inclusion
- occurs during adolescence
Explain the stage of Identity Assumption (4)
- reduction in social isolation and increase in contact with other queer people
- learning to manage social stigma
- coping techniques
- occurs at ages 19-23
Explain the stage of Commitment (4)
- homosexuality becomes a state of of being and blending into one’s lifestyle
- accomplishment of same-sex love commitment
- identification of oneself as queer to straight people
- increased self satisfaction and happiness
Name 4 strategies used to cope with stress of Identity Confusion
- denial
- avoidance
- repair (attempt to be heterosexual)
- acceptance
Name and explain 4 coping techniques for the stage of Identity Assumption
- capitualization - giving in to the negative view of homosexuality
- ministralization - adopting stereotypical behaviour and exaggerated homosexual mannerisms
- passing - concealing own homosexuality from society
- group alignment - immersing oneself into queer communities and excluding most heterosexual contexts
What are predisposing factors for teenage pregnancy? (6)
- living with a single parent
- mother with adolescent pregnancy
- older sexually active siblings
- pregnant/parent teenage sisters
- being a victim of sexual, physical, or emotional abuse
- stress, depression, conflict at home
What are the consequences of adolescent pregnancy? (4)
- health risks for both baby and mother
- low birth weight
- infant mortality and neurological problems
- financial, emotional, and psychological instability
How are STIs contracted? (3)
- sexual intercourse
- oral sex
- anal sex
Which STIs are caused by viruses (4) and which are caused by bacteria (3)?
Viruses:
- AIDS
- Genital herpes
- HIV
- Genital warts (HPV)
Bacteria:
- Gonorrhea
- Syphilis
- Chlamydia
Define HIV, AIDS, and HPV
HIV - human immunodeficiency virus
AIDS - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
HPV - human papilloma virus
Give the characteristics of AIDS (3)
- destroys immune system
- higher % acquired through heterosexual transmission
- higher % of adolescents are asymptomatic but become symptomatic in adulthood (HIV positive)
Give the characteristics of genital herpes (3)
- same family as cold sores & chicken pox
- can pass through non-latex condoms
- no cure
Give the characteristics of genital warts (5)
- caused by HPV
- sometimes asymptomatic
- treated by drugs, freezing, or surgery
- prevented by vaccines in girls
- may be linked to cervical cancer
Give the characteristics of gonorrhea (2)
- discharge from penis and burning during urination in males
- irritating vaginal discharge in females
Give the characteristics of syphilis (3)
- can be transmitted through foetal-maternal bloodstream
- 4 phases: sores–> rash–> no symptoms–> cardiovascular disease, blindness, liver damage, death
- treated with penicillin
Give the characteristics of chlamydia (3)
- most common
- 70% risk of women contracting it
- 25-50% risk of men contracting it
What are key findings from the sexual health survey in 2012? (4)
- sex ed formally starts during teen years
- mothers and teachers are the most important sources of sex ed
- teens desire more involvement from parents in sex ed
- books/internet/seminars are mostly used by teens for sex ed
Describe the cognitive differences about sex from ages 10-19 (3)
Young adolescents (10-15) - experience sex in a depersonalized way filled with anxiety and denial
Middle adolescents (15-17) - romanticize sexuality
Later adolescents (18-19) - realistic and future oriented about sexual experiences
What recent findings reveal about abstinence only programs (2) and knowledge about contraception (2)?
Abstinence only programs:
- do not prevent STIs
- do not prevent teen pregnancies
Knowledge about contraception:
- doesn’t increase sexual intercourse
- prevents STIs and teen pregnancies
