Sexual Violence

Question 1

What is Type 1 FGM?

Answer 1

Partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and/or the clitoral hood

Question 2

What is Type 2 FGM?

Answer 2

Partial or total removal of the labia minora +/- clitoris +/- removal of the labia majora

Question 3

What is Type 2a FGM?

Answer 3

Removal of the labia minora

Question 4

What is Type 2b FGM?

Answer 4

Partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia minora

Question 5

What is Type 2c FGM?

Answer 5

Partial or total removal of the clitoris, labia minora and labia majora

Question 6

What is Type 3 FGM?

Answer 6

(Infibulation): narrowing of the vaginal opening with the creation of a covering seal via removal and repositioning of the labia minora or majora

Question 7

What is Type 4 FGM?

Answer 7

Any other harmful procedure to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterization

Question 8

What is the forensic window for blood sampling?

Answer 8

72 hours

Question 9

What is the forensic window for urine sampling?

Answer 9

120 hours, in some circumstances, up to 14 days

Question 10

What is the forensic sampling window in digital penetration of the vagina/anus?

Answer 10

48 hours

Question 11

What is the forensic sampling window in oral rape?

Answer 11

48 hours

Question 12

What is the forensic sampling window in anal rape?

Answer 12

72 hours

Question 13

What is the forensic sampling window in vaginal rape?

Answer 13

7 days

Question 14

What percentage of women report sexual assault to the police?

Answer 14

16%

Question 15

What percentage of men report sexual assault to the police?

Answer 15

19%

Question 16

By what degree are women more likely to experience sexual assault than men?

Answer 16

4x more likely

Question 17

What is the role of a professional witness?

Answer 17

Testifies the facts of the case, and may be asked to provide their interpretation (although what is fact and opinion should be clearly defined). This role is normally for clinicians who have been involved in the patients care.

Question 18

Definition of rape (Sexual Offences Act 2009, Scotland)

Answer 18

Penetration with a penis of the vagina/mouth/anus with consent and any reasonable belief of consent

Question 19

Definition of sexual assault (Sexual Offences Act 2009, Scotland)

Answer 19

• Intentionally or recklessly touches sexually
• Engages in any other form of sexual activity in which there is, intentionally or recklessly, physical contact
• Intentionally or recklessly ejaculates semen
• Intentionally or recklessly emits urine or saliva sexually

Question 20

Under the Sexual Offences Act 2009, Scotland, what constitutes a ‘young child’?

Answer 20

Aged less than 13

Question 21

Under the Sexual Offences Act 2009, Scotland, what constitutes an ‘older child’?

Answer 21

13 to less than 16

Question 22

Sexual crimes account for what proportion of crimes in Scotland?

Answer 22

5%

Question 23

When would PEPSE recommended after SA?

Answer 23

When the risk of HIV is >1/1000

Question 24

When should the Hep B vaccine be offered after SA?

Answer 24

Withtin 24 hours, there is little evidence of post-exposure prophylaxis benefit beyond 7 days

Question 25

When may an STI test assume evidential value?

Answer 25

1. Is otherwise previously sexually inexperienced (eg child) 2. Period of abstinence (>5 years) 3. Penetration occurs in a sexually naïve site (e.g. anal penetration by a penis in a man who has not previously had anal penetration

Question 26

What is the timescale for head/pubic hair collection for DNA contamination?

Answer 26

Up to 72 hours

Question 27

Where there is concern drugging may have taken place, at what time period should head hair sampling for toxicology take place?

Answer 27

A minimum of 4-6 weeks after the incident