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AS Biology > Sexual Reproduction in Plants > Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction in Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What does hermaphrodite mean?

A

Both male and female reproductive organs

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2
Q

What are the carpels?

A

The female structures

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3
Q

What structures are in the carpel?

A

Stigma, style and ovary

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4
Q

What is the stigma?

A

The platform upon which pollen grains may land

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5
Q

What is the style?

A

Supports the stigma

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6
Q

What is the ovule?

A

Contains the female gametes

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7
Q

What is the stamen?

A

The male structures

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8
Q

What does the stamen consist of?

A

Anther and a filament

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9
Q

What does the anther do?

A

Produces the pollen grains that contain the male gametes

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10
Q

What does the filament do?

A

Supports the anther in a position that will eventually enable it to shed its pollen grains

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11
Q

What is the nucellus?

A

The central mass of tissue in the ovule

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12
Q

What is the megaspore mother cell?

A

Diploid cell in the middle of the nucellus

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13
Q

What are integuments?

A

Layers of cell surrounding the megaspore mother cell

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14
Q

What is the micropyle?

A

The hole between the integuments

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15
Q

What are megaspores?

A

Haploid cells produced by the meiosis of the megaspore mother cell

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16
Q

Explain the formation of the female gametes

A

Megaspore mother cell divides by meiosis to form 4 haploid megaspores. 3 disintegrate, 1 left to grow. divides by mitosis 3 times to form 8 haploid nuclei in a cell called an immature embryo sac. Cytoplasm divides and form 7 cells. 3-2-3 formation of antipodal, polar nuclei then synergid cells and ovum

17
Q

How many lobes does an anther have?

A

Two or four

18
Q

What haploid nuclei are formed from the mitosis of the microspores?

A

Tube nucleus and the generative nucleus

19
Q

What is the pollen grain?

A

A microspore containing two nuclei

20
Q

What is pollination?

A

Transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a plant of the same species

21
Q

What is self-pollination?

A

Pollen goes from anther to stigma of the same plant

22
Q

What is cross-pollination?

A

Anther to stigma of different plants

23
Q

How can plants be cross pollinated?

A

Animals, insects, wind etc

24
Q

What is needed for a pollen grain to germinate?

A

Pollen grain has to have complementary cell surface protrusions as the stigma

25
Q

Explain the formation of the male gametes

A

Microspore mother cell divides by meiosis to form four haploid microspores. Each of these divides by mitosis once to form two nuclei: generative and tube nucleus

AS Biology (17 decks)

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