Sexology Literatuur 6

Question 1

paraphilia

Answer 1

must cause significant distress and impairment in functioning, and must last for at least 6 monts
intense and persistent unconventional sexual interests
1: fetishism
2: transvestism
3: sexual sadism
4: sexual masochism
5: voyeurism
6: exhibitionism
7: frotteurism
8: pedophilia

Question 2

1: fetishism

Answer 2

sexual fixation on some object other than another human
- fetishistic disorder: sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving nonliving objects (often clothes)
- develop early in life

Question 3

cause of fetishism

Answer 3

according to learning theory: result of classical conditioning
according to cognitive theorists: serious cognitive distortion
theory of sexual addiction

Question 4

cross-dressing

Answer 4

dressing as a member of the other gender

Question 5

2: transvestism

Answer 5

dressing as the opposite sex to experience sexual excitement, which causes emotional distress or impairs functioning for at least 6 months

Question 6

3: sexual sadism

Answer 6

someone who experiences sexual arousal from physical or psychological suffering of another person

Question 7

4: sexual masochism

Answer 7

sexual masochist experiences sexual arousal by being humiliated, beaten, bound or otherwise made to suffer

Question 8

causes of BDSM

Answer 8

according to learning theory: conditioned behavior
childhood sexual abuse
desire to escape from self-awareness

Question 9

5: voyeurism

Answer 9

voyeur = person who experiences sexual arousal from watching an unsuspecting person who is naked of having sex
- becomes paraphilia when: urges, fantasies or behaviors for at least 6 months

Question 10

6: exhibitionism

Answer 10

exhibitionist = person who experiences sexual arousal from exposing genitals to an unsuspecting person
- paraphilia when: urges, fantasies of behaviors for at least 6 months

Question 11

cause of exhibitionism

Answer 11

messy childhood: inconsistent discipline, lack of affection, bad social training
social learning theory: parents may have modeled this behavior
lack of normal sex of lack of relationship

Question 12

hypersexuality

Answer 12

extraordinarily high level of sexual activity and sex drive
- leads to compulsive sexual behavior; person feels driven to it even with negative consequences
- criterion: 7 or more orgasms per week for at least 6 months
- most started between 19-21 years”
- co-occurs the most with exhibitionism, voyeurism and pedophilia
- these criteria DO NOT apply for women (multiple orgasms, or problems reaching orgasms)

Question 13

nymphomania

Answer 13

hypersexuality in women

Question 14

satyriasis

Answer 14

hypersexuality in men

Question 15

asexuality

Answer 15

having no sexual attraction to anyone
- more women
- NOT a subtype of hypoactive sexual desire disorder
- lack of sexual attraction, not a desire disorder

Question 16

3 categories of online sexual activities

Answer 16

1) non-arousal OSA: information, looking for info, online dating, etc.
2) solitary-arousal OSA: viewing pictures or videos, posting a video of you having sex
3) partnered-arousal OSA: engaging in webcam sex, avatar sex with another avatar sex, electric toys controlled by someone else on the internet

Question 17

asphyxiophilia

Answer 17

desire to induce a state of oxygen deficiency in order to create sexual arousal (rope, pillow, plastic bag)

Question 18

zoophilia (bestiality/sodomy)

Answer 18

sexual contact with an animal

Question 19

7: frotteurism

Answer 19

touching/rubbing one’s genitals on a nonconsenting person, usually in a crowded public place

Question 20

troilism

Answer 20

three people, often with one watching

Question 21

saliromania

Answer 21

desire to damage/soil a woman or her clothes or image of a woman (painting, statue)

Question 21

coprophilia/urophilia

Answer 21

excretion; feces or urine

Question 22

necrophilia

Answer 22

sexual contact with a dead person

Question 23

sexsomnia

Answer 23

automatic, unintentional sexual behaviors during first 2 hours of sleep (non-REM sleep)
- can lead to negative self-esteem, guilt, injuries, relational probles
- more a sleep disorder than paraphilia

Question 24

treatment of sexual variations

Answer 24

- psychopharmacological treatent: antidepressants which change obsessive-compulsive parts of behavior, but not necessarily the desire (not very succesful) - CBT - skills training - SAA (sex addicts anonymous)