Sexology Literatuur 4 Flashcards
(29 cards)
sexual disorder
problem with sexual response that causes mental distress
lifelong sexual disorder
has been present ever since first sexual experience
acquired sexual disorder
dysfunction that develops after a period of normal sexual functioning
kinds of sexual disorder
desire disorders
1: hypoactive sexual desire (HSD)
2: discrepancy of sexual desire
arousal disorders
3: female sexual arousal disorder
4: erectile disorder
orgasmic disorders
5: premature ejaculation
6: delayed ejaculation
7: female orgasmic disorder
pain disorders:
8: painful intercourse/dyspareunia
9: vaginismus
1: hypoactive sexual desire (HSD)
lack of interest
- common:
2: discrepancy of sexual desire
one partner might want to have more sex than the other
3: female sexual arousal disorder
lack of response to sexual stimulation, including lack of lubrication
- subjective, psychological component
- physiological component (less lubrication, menopause, etc.)
4: erectile disorder
inability to have an erection or maintain one
- lifelong or acquired
- can cause severe psychological distress
- increases in 60s
5: premature ejaculation
ejaculates too soon, no control over it
- how long exactly is subjective, but main point = no control over it
1) ejaculation (almost) always prior to/within one minute of penetration
2) inability to delay ejaculation
3) psychological distress
- 15% of men
6: delayed ejaculation (male orgasmic disorder)
man cannot have orgasm, despite being aroused and having sexual stimulation
- far less common
7: female orgasmic disorder
woman unable to have orgasm
- common = situational orgasmic disorder, where a woman can orgasm in some situations but not in others
- 20% of women
8: painful intercourse/dyspareunia
genital pain during intercourse
- persistent dyspareunia not common
genito-pelvic pain and penetration disorder (GPPPD)
dyspareunia and vaginismus together, because they so often co-occur
9: vaginismus
spastic contraction of outer third of vagina
cause of erectile disorder
- vascular pathology: problems in blood vessels supplying penis
- diabetes
- hypogonadism (under functioning of testes -> low testosterone)
- disease/injury
- stress, fatige, prostate surgery
cause of premature ejaculation
acquired
- local infection (like prostatitis)
- degeneration in related parts of nervous system (like in multiple sclerosis)
life-lasting
- psychological factors
cause of delayed ejaculation
- multiple sclerosis
- spinal cord injury
- prostate surgery
- most often: psychological factors
cause of female orgasmic disorder
- severe illness
- general ill health
- injury spinal cord
- extreme fatigue
- most often: psychological factors
cause of dyspareunia/vaginismus
- disorders of vaginal entrance (irritated hymen, scars, sexual assault or infection of bartholin glands)
- disorders of the vagina (infections, allergic reactions, thinning of vaginal walls (happens with age), scarring of vagina roof (occurs after hysterectomy)
- pelvic disorders (pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, tumors, cysts, tearing of the ligaments supporting the uterus)
psychological causes
1: anxieties
2: cognitive interference: distracting thoughts
–> spectatoring
- men more performance related thoughts, women more appearance related thoughts
3: bad communcation
4: ignorance about how to do it
spectatoring
acting as an observer or judge of one’s own sexual performance
prior learning
things that people learned earlier that now inhibit their sexual response (like something they learned in childhood)
immediate causes
various things that happen in the act of sex itself that inhibit sexual response
sexual excitation-inhibition
when people who are low on sexual excitation or high on sexual inhibition (or both) are likely to develop sexual disorders
