Settlement dynamics 6.3

Question 1

What is bid-rent theory?

Answer 1

• Land values would decrease from the city outwards.

- Shops and offices would be able to afford the highest, followed by industry and then residences.

Question 2

Urban models: Burgess’s Concentric Zone Model

Answer 2

A model developed in 1925 where circular zones spread out from the centre.
- Based on the structure of American cities such as Chicago.

Question 3

Urban models: Hoyt’s Sector Model

Answer 3

• A model which suggests industry develops along major roads and rivers.
• Manufacturing industry and high class residential areas are never next to each other.
• Once areas of land use become established, they tend to stay that way and grow outwards.

Question 4

Characteristics of the CBD

Answer 4

• Large financial sector.
• Presence of headquarter’s.
• High end shops.
• Transport links.

Question 5

How is the CBD changing?

Answer 5

• Retail and business are moving to peripheral sites where land is cheaper and larger stores can be opened.
• Rise in car ownership leads to increased personal mobility and rise in leisure shopping.
• City councils are offering greenfield sites to large firms and department stores on the outskirts.
• Costs of development and upkeep are high in the CBD.

Question 6

What are London’s three CBD’s?

Answer 6

• City of London
• Canary Wharf
• The West End

Question 7

In which three ways can there be residential segregation?

Answer 7

• Income
• Age
• Racial

Question 8

What is an example of income segregation and racial segregation in the UK?

Answer 8

Income - Tower Hamlets: cheap/social housing

Racial - Golders Green: large Jewish community.