Set 3 - Psych-Socio Quizlet Export

Question 1

Status

Answer 1

Social position within the group, network, or organization.

Question 2

Self-Presentation

Answer 2

How humans behave to affect how they are perceived.

Question 3

Impression Management

Answer 3

The process of consciously making behavioral choices in order to create a specific impression in the minds of others.

Question 4

Dramaturgical Approach

Answer 4

One theory of impression management. Proposes that impression management takes place in all aspects of human interaction.

Question 5

Front Stage Self

Answer 5

Encompasses the behavior that a person performs in front of an audience.

Question 6

Back Stage Self

Answer 6

Behavior that is employed when players are together, but no audience is present.

Question 7

Groupthink

Answer 7

The phenomenon where a group’s members tend to think alike and agree for the sake of group harmony.

Question 8

Group Polarization

Answer 8

The attitude of the group as a whole toward a particular issue becomes stronger than the attitudes of its individual members.

Question 9

Peer Pressure

Answer 9

The social influence exerted by one’s peers to act in a way that is acceptable or similar to their own behaviors.

Question 10

Social Facilitation

Answer 10

The tendency to perform better when a person knows he is being watched.

Question 11

Bystander Effect

Answer 11

When fewer people are present, it is more likely that any one person will help another in distress.

Question 12

Social Loafing

Answer 12

Members of a group decrease the pace or intensity of their own work with the intention of letting other group members work harder.

Question 13

Deindividuation

Answer 13

People lose awareness of their individuality and instead immerse themselves in the mood or activity of the crowd.

Question 14

Socialization

Answer 14

The process by which people learn customs and values of their culture.

Question 15

Agents of Socialization

Answer 15

Groups and people who influence personal attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.

Question 16

Conformity

Answer 16

The tendency of individuals to change their attitudes, opinions, and behaviors to align with the group norms.

Question 17

Obedience

Answer 17

Behavioral changes made in response to a command by an authority figure.

Question 18

Deviance

Answer 18

Behavior that violates social expectations.

Question 19

Stigma

Answer 19

A negative social label that changes a person’s social identity by classifying the person as abnormal or tainted.

Question 20

Assimilation

Answer 20

The process by which an individual or a group becomes part of a new culture.

Question 21

Subculture

Answer 21

A culture that is shared by a smaller group of people who are also part of a larger culture.

Question 22

Multiculturalism

Answer 22

The practice of valuing and respecting differences in culture.

Question 23

Ethnocentrism

Answer 23

The belief that one’s group is of central importance, tendency to judge the practices of other groups by one’s own cultural standards.

Question 24

Cultural Relativism

Answer 24

The practice of trying to understand a culture on its own terms and to judge a culture by its own standards.

Question 25

In-Group

Answer 25

A group with which an individual shares identity and feels loyalty towards.

Question 26

Out-Group

Answer 26

A group with which an individual does not identify and may feel competition/hostility towards.

Question 27

Bias

Answer 27

Individual favors the in-group and devalues out-groups.

Question 28

Prejudice

Answer 28

Generalizations about other groups or categories of people.

Question 29

Stereotype

Answer 29

A concept about a group or category of people that includes the belief that all members of that group share certain characteristics.

Question 30

Stereotype Threat

Answer 30

Anxiety and resulting impaired performance that a person may experience when confronted with a negative stereotype about a group to which they belong.

Question 31

Self-Fulfilling Prophecies

Answer 31

The stress and lowered expectations accompanying negative stereotypes contribute to making stereotypical beliefs into reality.

Question 32

Discrimination

Answer 32

Unfair treatment of others based on their membership in a specific social group.

Question 33

Individual Discrimination

Answer 33

Occurs when one person behaves negatively toward another because of that person’s membership in a specific social group or category.

Question 34

Institutional Discrimination

Answer 34

Social institutions that employ policies that differentiate between people based on social grouping.

Question 35

Personality

Answer 35

The collection of lasting characteristics that makes a person unique.

Question 36

Trait Theory

Answer 36

Personality consists of a set of traits.

Question 37

Traits

Answer 37

Characteristics that vary between people and are stable over the course of the lifetime, regardless of environmental factors.

Question 38

Biological Theory

Answer 38

Theory that focuses on biological contributions to certain traits.

Question 39

Heredity

Answer 39

Genetic inheritance.

Question 40

Temperament

Answer 40

An innate, genetically influenced “baseline” of personality.

Question 41

Twin Studies

Answer 41

Studies used to separate the effects of genetics and the environment.

Question 42

Psychoanalytic Theory

Answer 42

Proposes a universal personality structure that contributes both to behavior and to differences between people (Freud).

Question 43

Behaviorist Theory

Answer 43

Personality is constructed by a series of learning experiences that occur through interactions between the individual and their environment.

Question 44

Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 44

Theory that holds that portions of an individual’s knowledge acquisition can be directly related to observing others within the context of social interactions, experiences, and outside media influences (Bandura).

Question 45

Humanistic Theory

Answer 45

People continually seek experiences that make them better, more fulfilled individuals.

Question 46

Situational Approach to Explaining Behavior

Answer 46

…

Question 47

Identity

Answer 47

A person’s view of who they are in terms of both internal and external factors.

Question 48

Self-Concept

Answer 48

The knowledge of oneself as a person both separate from other people and constant throughout changing situations.

Question 49

Social Identity

Answer 49

The perception of oneself as a member of certain social groups.

Question 50

Social Groups

Answer 50

A collection of people who interact with each other and share similar characteristics and a sense of unity.