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MCAT Psycology and Sociology > Set 1 - Psych-Socio Quizlet Export > Flashcards

Set 1 - Psych-Socio Quizlet Export Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biopsychosocial Approach

A

Illuminates the importance of psychological and sociological study in medicine.

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2
Q

Biomedical Approach

A

Focuses narrowly on the physical aspects of illness.

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3
Q

Social Constructionism

A

Human actors construct or create “reality” rather than discovering a reality that has inherent validity.

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4
Q

Symbolic Interactionism

A

Explains social behavior in terms of how people interact with each other via symbols.

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5
Q

Symbols

A

Terms, concepts, or items that represent specific meanings by accepted convention.

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6
Q

Functionalism

A

Factions of society work together to maintain stability. Claims that society, like an organism, is a system that consists of different components working together.

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7
Q

Conflict Theory

A

Views society in terms of competing groups that act according to their own self-interests, rather than according to the need for societal equilibrium.

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8
Q

Culture

A

All the beliefs, assumptions, objects, behaviors, and processes that make up a shared way of life.

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9
Q

Material Culture

A

The objects involved in a certain way of life (products manufactured, tools used, art made, etc.).

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10
Q

Non-material culture

A

Encompasses the elements of culture that are not physical (ideas, knowledge, etc.).

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11
Q

Social Norms

A

Expectations that govern what behavior is acceptable within a group.

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12
Q

Social Group

A

A subset of a population that maintains social interactions.

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13
Q

Symbolic Culture

A

A type of non-material culture that consists of the elements of culture that have meaning only in the mind.

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14
Q

Rituals

A

Formal, ceremonial behaviors with a specific purpose and significance.

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15
Q

Society

A

Two or more individuals living together in a community and/or sharing elements of culture.

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16
Q

Social Institutions

A

Hierarchical systems that bring order to interpersonal interactions, structuring society.

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17
Q

Government and Economy

A

A type of social institution. _____ provides order to society through the services it provides and making/enforcing law. The _____ distributes goods and services to meet the needs of society.

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18
Q

Education

A

A type of social institution. Provides a formal structure during childhood/transition into adulthood and an opportunity to instruct youth on the social norms, knowledge, skills, expectations needed.

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19
Q

Religion

A

A type of social institution. A system of beliefs that affects how people make sense of their experiences and provides a framework for questions about life, death, existence.

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20
Q

Family

A

A type of social institution. Consist of bonds of kin and marriage and make up a major organizing institution of society.

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21
Q

Health and Medicine

A

A type of social institution. Fulfills the need for healthcare in an organized manner.

22
Q

Demographics

A

Statistics used to examine the nature of a specific population.

23
Q

Demographic Parameters (examples)

A

Age, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, immigration status.

24
Q

Demographic Transition

A

A demographic change that takes place over time.

25
Q

Fertility

A

The production of offspring within a population.

26
Q

Mortality

A

The death rate within a population.

27
Q

Migration

A

The relocation of people from one place to another.

28
Q

Social Movement

A

A group of people who share an ideology and work together toward a specified set of goals.

29
Q

Urbanization

A

The increase in the proportion of people living in specified urban areas.

30
Q

Globalization

A

The increasing amount of interaction and integration on the international scale through exchange of products, services, ideas, and information.

31
Q

Spatial Inequity

A

The unequal access to resources and variable quality of life within a population/geographical distribution.

32
Q

Global Inequalities

A

Disparities between regions and nations in aspects such as GNP, natural resources, access to healthcare, types of work available.

33
Q

Environmental Justice

A

The equal treatment of all people regardless of social grouping with regard to prevention and relief from environmental and health hazards.

34
Q

Social Class

A

A system of stratification that groups members of society according to similarities in social standing. Tied to status and power in the community.

35
Q

Privilige

A

Having advantages of power and opportunity over others.

36
Q

Prestige

A

The relative value assigned to something within a particular society.

37
Q

Upward Mobility

A

Moving up the class system.

38
Q

Downward Mobility

A

Moving lower withing the class system.

39
Q

Intragenerational Mobility

A

A change in social position that occurs in a person’s lifetime. “Rags to riches”.

40
Q

Intergenerational Mobility

A

Changes in social status between different generations within the same family.

41
Q

Meritocracy

A

A society in which advancement is based solely on the abilities and achievements of the individual.

42
Q

Cultural Capital

A

The set of non-monetary social factors that contribute to social mobility.

43
Q

Social Capital

A

An individual’s social networks and connections that may confer economic and/or personal benefits.

44
Q

Poverty

A

An insufficiency of material goods, monetary wealth, access to resources.

45
Q

Isolation/Social Exclusion

A

Social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society.

46
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

A lack of essential resources (food, shelter, clothing, hygiene).

47
Q

Relative Poverty

A

Social inequality in which people are relatively poor compared to other members of the society in which they live.

48
Q

Health Disparity/Inequity

A

Differences in health and healthcare that occur between groups of people.

49
Q

Learning

A

…

50
Q

Associative Learning/Conditioning

A

Involves associations between certain stimuli and specific responses.

MCAT Psycology and Sociology (6 decks)

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