session_8_cpq1_flashcards

Question 1

Rank the plasma calcium concentration in the following patients, with being the lowest calcium and 5 being the highest:

1) Osteomalacia
2) Secondary hyperparathyroidism
3) Osteoporosis
4) Primary hyperparathyroidism
5) Parathyroid carcinoma

Answer 1

1) Osteomalacia, 2) Secondary hyperparathyroidism, 3) Osteoporosis, 4) Primary hyperparathyroidism, 5) Parathyroid carcinoma

Question 2

A patient with fever and longstanding diabetes presents with a pleural effusion and ascites. Rank the diagnosis with 1 being the likeliest and 5 being the least likely:

1) Congestive cardiac failure
2) Liver failure
3) Nephrotic syndrome
4) Lung cancer
5) Septicaemia

Answer 2

1) Congestive cardiac failure, 2) Liver failure, 3) Nephrotic syndrome, 4) Lung cancer, 5) Septicaemia

Question 3

A 24yo drug dealer is found dead. A post-mortem is carried out. What is the cause of death most likely to be found? Rank the causes of death below in order of likelihood with 1 being the likeliest and 5 being the least likely:

1) Heroin overdose
2) Alcohol intoxication
3) Crystal meth overdose
4) Acute liver failure
5) Brain haemorrhage

Answer 3

1) Heroin overdose, 2) Alcohol intoxication, 3) Crystal meth overdose, 4) Acute liver failure, 5) Brain haemorrhage

Question 4

Rank the size of the red cell in the following conditions, with 1 being the smallest and 5 the largest:

1) Iron deficiency
2) Rheumatoid arthritis
3) Alcoholic excess and liver disease
4) Folate deficiency
5) Vit B12 deficiency

Answer 4

1) Iron deficiency, 2) Rheumatoid arthritis, 3) Alcoholic excess and liver disease, 4) Folate deficiency, 5) Vit B12 deficiency

Question 5

Rank these microscopic appearances of cardiac tissue in evolutionary stages following a myocardial infarction, with 1 being the first likeliest and 5 being the last thing to be seen:

1) Normal appearance
2) Oedema and inflammation
3) Necrosis and granulation
4) Further granulation
5) Dense fibrosis

Answer 5

1) Normal appearance, 2) Oedema and inflammation, 3) Necrosis and granulation, 4) Further granulation, 5) Dense fibrosis

Question 6

Rank antibiotic use in a patient who presents with pseudomembranous colitis, with 1 being the first line most appropriate treatment, and 5 being the least appropriate:

1) Metronidazole PO
2) Vancomycin PO
3) Gentamicin PO
4) Gentamicin IV
5) Cefalexin PO

Answer 6

1) Metronidazole PO, 2) Vancomycin PO, 3) Gentamicin PO, 4) Gentamicin IV, 5) Cefalexin PO

Question 7

Rank the plasma concentrations below with 1 being the lowest concentration and 5 being the highest:

1) Phosphate
2) Calcium
3) Potassium
4) Chloride
5) Sodium

Answer 7

1) Phosphate, 2) Calcium, 3) Potassium, 4) Chloride, 5) Sodium

Question 8

Rank the expected calculated osmolality in patients with each of the following conditions, with 1 being the highest osmolality and 5 being the lowest:

1) HONKC
2) DKA
3) Diabetes insipidus
4) Pneumonia
5) SIADH

Answer 8

1) HONKC, 2) DKA, 3) Diabetes insipidus, 4) Pneumonia, 5) SIADH

Question 9

A liver biopsy reveals the following. Write down the likely diagnosis:
a. Caseating granuloma
b. Non caseating granuloma
c. A nutmeg appearance
d. When stained with Rhodanine stain reveals a golden-brown colour against blue counterstain
What is a Rhodamine stain used for?

Answer 9

a. Tuberculosis, b. Sarcoid, c. Right sided cardiac failure, d. Copper / Wilson’s disease, e. Tuberculosis