Session 6 - Get me an infusion of NaHCO3, stat! And some fries.

Question 1

The very serious business of recognising respiratory and metabolic acidaemia and alkalosis

Answer 1

And I mean serious.

Question 2

pH - D
pCO2 - U
HCO3- - -/-
pO2 - D

D - Down
U - Up
-/- - No change

Answer 2

• Hypoventilation means raised pCO2
  
  • Hyper capnia -> Low pH
  • HCO3- unchanged
  • Respiratory acidaemia

Question 3

pH - D/-
pCO2 - U
HCO3- - U
PO2 - D

Answer 3

• Compensated (partially or fully) respiratory acidaemia
  
  • Kidneys have increased HCO3-
  • Increases buffering of H+ ions caused by increased pCO2

Question 4

pH - U
pCO2 - D
HCO3- - -/-
PO2 - -/U

Answer 4

• Respiratory alkalaemia
  
  • Hyperventilation has lower pCO2
  • Hypocapnia -> High pH
  • HCO3- unchanged

Question 5

pH - U
pCO2 - D
HCO3- - D
PO2 - U

Answer 5

• Compensated (partially or fully) respiratory alkalemia
  
  • Kidneys have decreased HCO3-
  • Decreased buffering of H+ ions

Question 6

pH  - D
pCO2  - -/-
HCO3- - D
PO2 - -/-
Anion Gap - U

Answer 6

• Metabolic acidosis
• Decreased HCO3- -> Less buffering of H+ ions
Increase in unmeasured anions

Question 7

pH  - D
pCO2 - D
HCO3- - D
PO2 - U
Anion gap - U

Answer 7

• Compensated (partially or fully) metabolic acidosis
  
  • Increased respiratory rate -> Hypocapnia -> Raised pH
  • Anion gap still increased

Question 8

pH - U
pCO2 - -/-
HCO3- - U
PO2 - -/-

Answer 8

• Metabolic alkalosis

Question 9

pH - U
pCO2 - U
HCO3- - U
PO2 -D

Answer 9

• Compensated metabolic alkalosis
• Decreased respiratory rate -> Hypercapnia
• Decreased pH
Can only partially compensatte