Session 5 - Hospital Acquired Infections Flashcards
What are healthcare infections?
Infections arising as a consequence of providing healthcare
What are the 4Ps of infection prevention and control?
Pathogen
Patient
Practice
Place
What is the patient factor of infection prevention and control?
General and specific patient risk factors of infection
Interactions with other patients, healthcare workers and visitors
What are the pathogen factors of infection prevention and control?
Virulence factors
Ecological interactions with other bacteria and antibiotics
What are the practice factors of infection prevention and control?
Healthcare worker activities Policies Organizational structure and engagement Political initiatives Leadership
What are the place factors of infection prevention and control?
Healthcare environment - fixed and variable features
What are 4 general patient interventions to reduce infection?
Optimize conditions - reduce smoking, better nutrition
Antimicrobial prophylaxis
Skin preparation
Hand hygiene
What are 3 specific patient interventions to reduce infection?
MRSA screens
Mupirocin nasal ointment
Disinfectant body wash
What are 2 ways of halting patient to patient transmission?
Isolation of infected patients
Protection of susceptible patients
What are 5 healthcare worker interventions to reduce infections?
Vaccinations Good clinical techniques Hand hygiene PPE Antimicrobial prescribing
What are 5 environmental interventions to reduce infection?
Well designed built environment with sufficient space and toilets
Easy to clean furniture and furnishings
Cleaning using disinfectants, steam and hydrogen peroxide
Single use / sterilized medical devices
Good food hygiene
What is I five?
Identify Isolate Investigate Inform Initiate
What are the 6 things to Identify in a patient to suspect infection?
Abroad Blood borne infections Colonized Diarrhea Expectorating Funny looking rash
What is endemic disease?
The usual background rate of disease
What is an outbreak?
2 or more cases linked in time and place
