Session 3

Question 1

Top 5 PD prevalence

Answer 1

Antisocial (3.8%)
Borderline (2.7%)
Obsessive-compulsive (1.9%)
Paranoid (1.9%)
Avoidant (1.2%)

Question 2

% of comorbidity (self-harm, SUD, mood disorders) among patients with PD

Answer 2

~67%

Question 3

Stigma (definition)

Answer 3

Social rejection resulting from negatively perceived characteristics

Question 4

Stigma (characteristics, 4)

Answer 4

1. Individual differences are recognized
2. These differences are perceived by society as negative
3. Stigmatized group is seen as the outgroup
4. End result is loss of opportunity, power or status

Question 5

What is a stereotype?

Answer 5

Overgeneralization about a person based on group membership (cognitive aspect)

Question 6

What is prejudice?

Answer 6

Agreement with the stereotype and negative emotions toward a person (affective aspect)

Question 7

What is discrimination?

Answer 7

Unfair acts towards group (members) (behavioral aspect)

Question 8

Types of stigma (3)

Answer 8

Public, self-, and structural (also: provider)

Question 9

What’s the most publicly accepted PD?

Answer 9

Obsessive-compulsive PD

Question 10

What’s the main misconception when it comes to public stigma?

Answer 10

The people with PD should be able to exhibit control over behavior (leads to them being viewed as manipulation or attention-seekers)

Question 11

What can be the result of provider stigma?

Answer 11

Patients might receive differential treatment after diagnosis

Question 12

What can be the result of self-stigma?

Answer 12

Feelings of shame, self-labeling as sick, weak or incapable of handling problems independently, staying away from treatment

Question 13

What can be the result of structural stigma?

Answer 13

can impact availability of services, quality of services, insurance coverage, and research on PDs. Can also lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments

Question 14

What are some anti-stigma strategies?

Answer 14

Education, personal contact with clients with PD (more effective).
Focusing on neurobiological differences is not effective

Question 15

Which age group is most susceptible to being stigmatized?

Answer 15

Adolescents

Question 16

What is associative stigma?

Answer 16

A form of social disapproval bc of its direct connection with a stigmatized individual (in children and adolescents this can be bidirectional)

Question 17

Which PD is most susceptible to stigma?

Answer 17

BPD

Question 18

Why are adolescents more vulnerable to experiencing higher stigma?

Answer 18

Lack a unique sense of self, and their identity depends upon definitions given by others

Question 19

What are effective strategies to combat different types of stigma?

Answer 19

Public stigma: working together with the media, giving interviews, publish manuscripts
Structural: publications, education to caregivers, participation in workgroup of de-stigmatization
Self-: pay attention to stigma in treatment, research to assess what client experience/need