Session #13 Flashcards
What is the lifespan approach to development?
We focus not only on development in infancy and young childhood, but instead on developmental issues that occur throughout one’s lifetime, including adulthood and older adulthood.
Is it more complex to study the cognitive abilities of infants, children, and elderly adults or young adults?
infants, children, and elderly adults
Researchers believe that ___ can explain a major proportion of the differences in cognitive performance between college students and older adults.
confounding variables
Early researchers underestimated infants’ memory capacities because of ___.
methodological problems
True or False: six-month-old infants can create an association between two objects, even if they have never previously seen the objects together at the same time and even if they were never reinforced for creating these associations.
True
Research demonstrates that long-term retention shows a ___ during the first 18 months of life.
steady, linear improvement
True or False: Context effects are even stronger for infants
True
With respect to long-term memory, young children typically have excellent ___ but relatively poor ___.
recognition memory // recall memory
Recall memory seems to require the active use of memory strategies. Children do not develop recall strategies until ___.
middle childhood
Recall memory seems to require the active use of memory strategies. Children do not develop recall strategies until ___.
middle childhood
Young children are fairly similar to adults in ___. However, children are much less accurate than adults in terms of ___ and ___.
recognizing items // recall // source monitoring
Why do young children have relatively poor recall?
They cannot use memory strategies effectively.
What are Memory strategies?
Memory strategies are intentional, goal-oriented activities that we use to improve our memories
