Session 1

Question 1

Define Marasmus

Answer 1

Protein-energy malnutrition. Child looks emaciated with obvious signs of muscle wasting and loss of body fat - no oedema. Hair is thin and dry, diarrhoea is common and anaemia may be present.

Question 2

Define Kwashiorkor

Answer 2

Fed a diet with some carbohydrate but a very low protein content. The child is apathetic, lethargic and anorexic (loss of appetite). The abdomen is distended owing to hepatomegaly and/or ascites (accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity). There is generalised oedema due to low serum albumin (osmotic pressure). Anaemia is common

Question 3

How do you calculate BMI?

Answer 3

Weight (kg) / Height2 (m)

Question 4

Define Obesity

Answer 4

Excess body fat to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health (BMI > 30) –> reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems

Question 5

Define Homeostasis

Answer 5

Maintenance of a stable internal environment. A dynamic equilibrium

Question 6

What are the main features of a control system?

Answer 6

Communication
Control centre
Receptor
Effector

Question 7

Define Biological rhythms

Answer 7

Rather than the set point being fixed, it can vary over time