SEROLOGY Flashcards
ANTIGEN EXCESS
Postzone phenomenon
ANTIBODY EXCESS
Prozone phenomenon
zone of equivalnce
maximum precipitation occurs
ideal pH for agglutination reaction
6.5 to 7.5
uses BACTERIA as INERT PARTICLES to which antibodies are attached
Coagglutination
ANTIBODY is attached to carrier particle
Reverse passive agglutination
ANTIGEN is attached to carrier particle
Passive Agglutination
antigens are naturally found on red cell
Hemagglutination
antigens are naturally found on the surface of the particle
Direct Agglutination
Lack of agglutination is an indicator of positive reaction
Agglutination inhibition
detects non-agglutinating antibody by means of coupling with a second antibody
Antiglobulin-Mediated Agglutination
In red cell Ag-Ab reactions small agglutinates, turbid background (25% agglutination) is graded as
1+
In red cell Ag-Ab reactions large agglutinate, clear background (75%a gglutination)
3+
In red cell Ag-Ab reactions a weakly positive is characterized by
tiny agglutinates with turbid background
similar to immunoelectrophoresis except that in this test , the ANTISERUM is LAYERED ON THE MEDIUM
Immunofixation Electrophoresis
Laurell Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis
Radial immunodiffusion + electrophoresis = rocket band is formed
Height/apex of the rocket is ___________ to the antigen concentration
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
A precipitation reaction test for detection of BENCE-JONES PROTEINS
Immunoelectrophoresis
serum electrophoresed to separate protein fractions; antiserum is added to the trough; change in shape of PRECIPITIN ARCS
Immunoelectrophoresis
Both antigen and antibody diffuse independently through a semisolid medium in TWO DIMENSIONS
Ouchterlony Double Diffusion
Antibody is incorporated into the gel medium; antigen is applied on the medium, diffuse ad reacts with the antibody, producing the PRECIPITIN BAND
Oudin Single Diffusion
d=log Antigen concentration
FAHEY MCKELVEY/KINETIC METHOD RID
FAHEY MCKELVEY/KINETIC METHOD RID
measurement is TAKEN BEFORE THE POINT OF EQUIVALENCE
d^2= Antigen concentration
MANCINI/ENDPOINT METHOD RID
MANCINI/ENDPOINT METHOD RID
antigen is allowed to diffuse to COMPLETION
Diffusion time of IgG in MANCINI mtd
24 hours
Diffusion time of IgM in MANCINI mtd
50-72 hours
measured in Radial Immunodiffusion
diameter of precipitation is measured
type of immunodiffusion in Radial Immunodiffusion
Single diffusion in 2-dimension
type of immunodiffusion in Ouchterlony method
Double diffusion in 2 dimensions