Clinical Chem. Flashcards
1
Q
critical value of Serum Potassium
A
< 2.5 mEq/L
>6.5 mEq/L
2
Q
Critical value of serum bicarbonate
A
< 10 mEq/L
> 40 mEq/L
3
Q
Lipoprotein composed mostly of PROTEIN
A
HDL
4
Q
Lipoprotein composed mostly of Triglycerides
A
Chylomicrons
5
Q
transports ENDOGENOUS TAG to the liver
A
VLDL
6
Q
transports EXOGENOUS TAG from the dietary
A
CM
7
Q
FLOATING Beta Lipoprotein
A
Beta Lipoprotein/B-VLDL
8
Q
Sinking Beta Lipoprotein
A
Lp (a)
9
Q
Tocopherol
A
Vitamin E
10
Q
Tocopherol deficiency
A
mild hemolytic anemia,RBC fragility, ataxia
11
Q
Ergocalciferol, Cholecalciferol
A
vitamin D2
12
Q
vitamin D2 deiciency in young
A
Rickets
13
Q
vitamin D2 deiciency in adult
A
Osteomalacia
14
Q
Thiamine
A
vitamin B1
15
Q
Beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
A
vitamin B1 deficiency
16
Q
Pellagra is a result of deficiency in
A
Niacin, Nicotinic acid, Nicotinamide(B3)
17
Q
Cyanocobalamine
A
vit B12
18
Q
Megaloblastic anemia, neurologic abnormalities
A
Cyanocobalamine(B12) deficiency
19
Q
Panthotenic acid
A
B5
20
Q
Depressed immune system, weak muscles
A
Panthotenic acid(B5) deficient
21
Q
metal with high affinity to keratin
A
arsenic
22
Q
odor of bitter almonds
A
Cyanide toxicity
23
Q
odor of garlic
A
Arsenic toxicity
24
Q
a chronic user of _____ may still test positive after 45 days
A
45 days
25
psychoactive substance of marijuana
THC - Tetrahydrocannabinol
26
metabolite of cocaine
benzoylecgonine
27
drug abuse with direct toxicity on myocardium
Cocaine
28
under influence of alcohol
> or equal to 0.10%
29
symptoms of alcohol intoxication begin
> or eq. to 0.05%
30
unable to stand or walk, vomitting, impaired consciousness
0.27-0.40
31
mental confusion, dizziness, strongly impaired motor skills (staggering, slurred speech)
0.18-0.30
32
0.35-0.50
coma and possible death
33
most sensitive organ to alcohol
liver
34
most commonly abused substance in the world
Alcohol
35
drug of choice for petit mal seizure
Ethosuximide
36
Carbamazepeine
treatment for various seizure disorders
37
treatment for petit mal and grand mal seizures
Valproic acid
38
Trinder reaction is for determination of
Aspirin (Salicylate)
39
most potent benzodiazepine
Valium
40
anti-tussive opiate
Codeine
41
Phenobarbital is a
Anti-epileptic drug
42
Methotrexate is a
Anti-neoplastic/chemotherapeutic
43
Theophylline is a
Bronchodilator
44
Peak concentrations are drawn
1 hour after oral administration
45
Through concentrations specimens drawn
before the next dose
46
time required to reduce a drug level to half of its initial value
Half-life
47
reflects lowest level of drug in the blood
Through concentration
48
highest concentration of drug obtained in the dosing interval
peak concentration
49
distribution
refers to the delivery of the drug to the tissues
50
Cholecystokinin (CKK)
hormone that inhibits gastric emptying, stimulates pancreatic secretion, & gallbladder contractions
51
method for measuring metanephrines & normetaneprhines
Pisano method
52
Zimmerman reaction
method for measuring 17-ketogenic steroids
53
Porter-Silber method
method for measurement of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS)
54
Most potent androgen
Testosterone
55
most potent estrogen
Estradiol
56
hypogonadism results in male and female _____
infertility
57
Klinefelter's syndrome
1' deficiency
Testosterone: low
LH & FSH: High
58
metabolite of Catecholamines
Vanillylmandelic acid
59
metabolite of dopamine
Homovalinic acid
60
specimen in catecholamine measurement
Plasma
| 24-hr urine
61
increased catecholamines is seen in what condition?
Pheochromocytoma
62
confirmatory test for Conn's disease
Oral salt loading test
63
screening tests for CUSHING SYNDROME
24-hr urinary free cortisol
overnight dexamethasone
midnight salivary cortisol test
64
confirmatory tests for CUSHING SYNDROME
low-dose dexamethasone suppression test
midnight plasma cortisol
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test
65
increased cortisol
| increased ACTH
*due to pituitary tumor
| Cushing's disease
66
increased cortisol
| decreased ACTH
Cushing's syndrome
67
testing for this hormone requires EARLY MORNING SPECIMEN
Cortisol
68
ACTH is highest between _____ to _____ and lowest between _____ to _____
6am to 8am; 6pm to 11pm
69
Cortisol is highest between _____ to _____ and lowest between _____ to _____
8am to 10am; 10pm to 12am
70
Zona glomerulosa of Adrenal cortex
```
outer
produces mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)
```
71
Zona fasciculata of Adrenal cortex
```
middle
produces glucocorticoids(cortisol)
```
72
Zona reticularisof Adrenal cortex
inner
| produces weak androgens (DHEA)
73
Confirmatory test for hypothyroidism
TSH (increased)
74
screening test for congenital hypothyroidism
T4 (decreased)
75
T3&T4: Dec
T3 Uptake: Dec
TSH: Inc
Primary hypothyroidism
76
T3&T4: Dec
T3 Uptake: Dec
TSH: Dec
Secondary hypothyroidism
77
T3&T4: Inc
T3 Uptake: Inc
TSH: Inc
2' Hyperthyroidism
78
T3&T4: Inc
T3 Uptake: Inc
TSH: Dec
1' Hyperthyroidism
79
T3 uptake is __________ to T3&T4 concentration
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
80
T3 uptake
test for quantitation for TBG
81
confirm results of FT3&FT4, or abnormalities in the relationship of total T4 & THBR test
TBG
82
indirectly asses the concentration of circulating free T4
Free thyroxine index (FT4I)
83
Trace element important to thyroid hormone synthesis
Iodine
84
somatedin-C
screening test for Acromegaly
85
confirmatory for Acromegaly
Glucose Suppression Test - OGTT (75 g)
86
increased GH in adults
Hyperglycemia
87
excess GH in children
Gigantis,
88
hormone markeldy increase during deep sleep
Somatotropin (GH)
89
MOST ABUNDANT hormone in anterior pituitary gland
GH/Somatotropin
90
"Master gland"
Pituitary gland
