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RECALLS - MEDTECH 2021 > Clinical Chem. > Flashcards

Clinical Chem. Flashcards

1
Q

critical value of Serum Potassium

A

< 2.5 mEq/L

>6.5 mEq/L

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2
Q

Critical value of serum bicarbonate

A

< 10 mEq/L

> 40 mEq/L

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3
Q

Lipoprotein composed mostly of PROTEIN

A

HDL

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4
Q

Lipoprotein composed mostly of Triglycerides

A

Chylomicrons

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5
Q

transports ENDOGENOUS TAG to the liver

A

VLDL

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6
Q

transports EXOGENOUS TAG from the dietary

A

CM

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7
Q

FLOATING Beta Lipoprotein

A

Beta Lipoprotein/B-VLDL

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8
Q

Sinking Beta Lipoprotein

A

Lp (a)

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9
Q

Tocopherol

A

Vitamin E

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10
Q

Tocopherol deficiency

A

mild hemolytic anemia,RBC fragility, ataxia

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11
Q

Ergocalciferol, Cholecalciferol

A

vitamin D2

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12
Q

vitamin D2 deiciency in young

A

Rickets

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13
Q

vitamin D2 deiciency in adult

A

Osteomalacia

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14
Q

Thiamine

A

vitamin B1

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15
Q

Beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

A

vitamin B1 deficiency

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16
Q

Pellagra is a result of deficiency in

A

Niacin, Nicotinic acid, Nicotinamide(B3)

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17
Q

Cyanocobalamine

A

vit B12

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18
Q

Megaloblastic anemia, neurologic abnormalities

A

Cyanocobalamine(B12) deficiency

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19
Q

Panthotenic acid

A

B5

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20
Q

Depressed immune system, weak muscles

A

Panthotenic acid(B5) deficient

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21
Q

metal with high affinity to keratin

A

arsenic

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22
Q

odor of bitter almonds

A

Cyanide toxicity

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23
Q

odor of garlic

A

Arsenic toxicity

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24
Q

a chronic user of _____ may still test positive after 45 days

A

45 days

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25
Q

psychoactive substance of marijuana

A

THC - Tetrahydrocannabinol

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26
Q

metabolite of cocaine

A

benzoylecgonine

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27
Q

drug abuse with direct toxicity on myocardium

A

Cocaine

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28
Q

under influence of alcohol

A

> or equal to 0.10%

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29
Q

symptoms of alcohol intoxication begin

A

> or eq. to 0.05%

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30
Q

unable to stand or walk, vomitting, impaired consciousness

A

0.27-0.40

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31
Q

mental confusion, dizziness, strongly impaired motor skills (staggering, slurred speech)

A

0.18-0.30

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32
Q

0.35-0.50

A

coma and possible death

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33
Q

most sensitive organ to alcohol

A

liver

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34
Q

most commonly abused substance in the world

A

Alcohol

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35
Q

drug of choice for petit mal seizure

A

Ethosuximide

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36
Q

Carbamazepeine

A

treatment for various seizure disorders

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37
Q

treatment for petit mal and grand mal seizures

A

Valproic acid

38
Q

Trinder reaction is for determination of

A

Aspirin (Salicylate)

39
Q

most potent benzodiazepine

40
Q

anti-tussive opiate

41
Q

Phenobarbital is a

A

Anti-epileptic drug

42
Q

Methotrexate is a

A

Anti-neoplastic/chemotherapeutic

43
Q

Theophylline is a

A

Bronchodilator

44
Q

Peak concentrations are drawn

A

1 hour after oral administration

45
Q

Through concentrations specimens drawn

A

before the next dose

46
Q

time required to reduce a drug level to half of its initial value

47
Q

reflects lowest level of drug in the blood

A

Through concentration

48
Q

highest concentration of drug obtained in the dosing interval

A

peak concentration

49
Q

distribution

A

refers to the delivery of the drug to the tissues

50
Q

Cholecystokinin (CKK)

A

hormone that inhibits gastric emptying, stimulates pancreatic secretion, & gallbladder contractions

51
Q

method for measuring metanephrines & normetaneprhines

A

Pisano method

52
Q

Zimmerman reaction

A

method for measuring 17-ketogenic steroids

53
Q

Porter-Silber method

A

method for measurement of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS)

54
Q

Most potent androgen

A

Testosterone

55
Q

most potent estrogen

56
Q

hypogonadism results in male and female _____

A

infertility

57
Q

Klinefelter’s syndrome

A

1’ deficiency
Testosterone: low
LH & FSH: High

58
Q

metabolite of Catecholamines

A

Vanillylmandelic acid

59
Q

metabolite of dopamine

A

Homovalinic acid

60
Q

specimen in catecholamine measurement

A

Plasma

24-hr urine

61
Q

increased catecholamines is seen in what condition?

A

Pheochromocytoma

62
Q

confirmatory test for Conn’s disease

A

Oral salt loading test

63
Q

screening tests for CUSHING SYNDROME

A

24-hr urinary free cortisol
overnight dexamethasone
midnight salivary cortisol test

64
Q

confirmatory tests for CUSHING SYNDROME

A

low-dose dexamethasone suppression test
midnight plasma cortisol
corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test

65
Q

increased cortisol

increased ACTH

A

*due to pituitary tumor

Cushing’s disease

66
Q

increased cortisol

decreased ACTH

A

Cushing’s syndrome

67
Q

testing for this hormone requires EARLY MORNING SPECIMEN

68
Q

ACTH is highest between _____ to _____ and lowest between _____ to _____

A

6am to 8am; 6pm to 11pm

69
Q

Cortisol is highest between _____ to _____ and lowest between _____ to _____

A

8am to 10am; 10pm to 12am

70
Q

Zona glomerulosa of Adrenal cortex

A 
outer
produces mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)
71
Q

Zona fasciculata of Adrenal cortex

A 
middle
produces glucocorticoids(cortisol)
72
Q

Zona reticularisof Adrenal cortex

A

inner

produces weak androgens (DHEA)

73
Q

Confirmatory test for hypothyroidism

A

TSH (increased)

74
Q

screening test for congenital hypothyroidism

A

T4 (decreased)

75
Q

T3&T4: Dec
T3 Uptake: Dec
TSH: Inc

A

Primary hypothyroidism

76
Q

T3&T4: Dec
T3 Uptake: Dec
TSH: Dec

A

Secondary hypothyroidism

77
Q

T3&T4: Inc
T3 Uptake: Inc
TSH: Inc

A

2’ Hyperthyroidism

78
Q

T3&T4: Inc
T3 Uptake: Inc
TSH: Dec

A

1’ Hyperthyroidism

79
Q

T3 uptake is __________ to T3&T4 concentration

A

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL

80
Q

T3 uptake

A

test for quantitation for TBG

81
Q

confirm results of FT3&FT4, or abnormalities in the relationship of total T4 & THBR test

82
Q

indirectly asses the concentration of circulating free T4

A

Free thyroxine index (FT4I)

83
Q

Trace element important to thyroid hormone synthesis

84
Q

somatedin-C

A

screening test for Acromegaly

85
Q

confirmatory for Acromegaly

A

Glucose Suppression Test - OGTT (75 g)

86
Q

increased GH in adults

A

Hyperglycemia

87
Q

excess GH in children

88
Q

hormone markeldy increase during deep sleep

A

Somatotropin (GH)

89
Q

MOST ABUNDANT hormone in anterior pituitary gland

A

GH/Somatotropin

90
Q

“Master gland”

A

Pituitary gland

RECALLS - MEDTECH 2021 (11 decks)

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