serological and molecular detection of viral infetions

Question 1

Known as Infectious Hepatitis or Short Incubation hepatitis

a. hepatitis A
b. Hepatitis B
c. Hepatitis C
d. Hepatitis D

Answer 1

hepatitis A
▪ Member of the family Picornaviridae
▪ Known as Infectious Hepatitis or Short Incubation hepatitis

Question 2

Marker of acute hepatitis A,

a. IgM Anti HAV
b. IgG anti HAV

Answer 2

IgM Anti-HAV
✓ Marker of acute hepatitis A, detected by ELISA
✓ False-negative results can occur during the early phase of the infection and Molecular methods (RT-PCR) to detect HAV RNA have been shown to be more sensitive in this situation

IgG Anti-HAV
✓ Indicate immunity to HAV, detected by competitive inhibition ELISA

Question 3

Indicate immunity to HAV

a. IgM Anti HAV
b. IgG anti HAV

Answer 3

IgM Anti-HAV
✓ Marker of acute hepatitis A, detected by ELISA
✓ False-negative results can occur during the early phase of the infection and Molecular methods (RT-PCR) to detect HAV RNA have been shown to be more sensitive in this situation

IgG Anti-HAV
✓ Indicate immunity to HAV, detected by competitive inhibition ELISA

Question 4

the standard treatment for hepatitis C involved a combination of

a. riboflavin
b. mannan
c. pegylated inferon -a
d. pegylated inferon -b

Answer 4

The standard treatment involved a combination of pegylated interferon-α (PEG IFN-α) and ribavirin.

Question 5

It can be used to detect Current hepatitis C infection;

a. Anti - HBc
b. HCV -RNA
c. Anti - HCV
d. ELISA

Answer 5

HCV RNA- Viral load

 - It can be used to detect Current hepatitis C infection; 
- viral load may be used to monitor effectiveness of therapy; 
- also used to determine HCV genotype

Question 6

what test is recommended by CDC for confirmation of HCV RNA

a. Anti - HBc
b. NAT
c. Anti - HCV
d. ELISA

Answer 6

HCV RNA- Viral load

 - It can be used to detect Current hepatitis C infection; 
- viral load may be used to monitor effectiveness of therapy; 
- also used to determine HCV genotype
- Current CDC guidelines recommend the use of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for HCV RNA for confirmation.

Question 7

Associated with a high rate of mortality in pregnant women

a. hepatitis A
b. Hepatitis B
c. Hepatitis C
d. Hepatitis D
e. Hepatitis E

Answer 7

hepatitis E

Associated with a high rate of mortality in pregnant women

Question 8

1st marker to appear in hepatitis

a. HBsAG
b. HBeAG
c. HBcAG
d, Anti - HBs

Answer 8

HBsAG

• 1st marker
• early indicator of active infection
• important marker in screening blood donors
• presence of HBsAG indicates active infection ,acute or chronic

Question 9

Present during periods of active replication of the virus

a. HBsAG
b. HBeAG
c. HBcAG
d, Anti - HBs

Answer 9

HBeAG

• present during ACTIVE replication of virus
• indicates a high degree of infectivity when present
• It may be elevated during chronic infection

Question 10

Useful in detecting infection during the “Core Window” period

a. Anti - HBc IgM
b. Anti - HBc IgG
c. Anti - Hbe
d. Anti - Hbs

Answer 10

Anti - HBc IgM

• Indicator of current or recent infection
• Useful in detecting infection during the “Core Window” period

Question 11

Serves as a lifelong marker of HBV infection

a. Anti - HBc IgM
b. Anti - HBc IgG
c. Anti - Hbe
d. Anti - Hbs

Answer 11

Anti - HBc IgG

• Persists for the lifetime of the individual
• Serves as a lifelong marker of HBV infection

Question 12

indicates that the patient is recovering from HBV infection

a. Anti - HBc IgM
b. Anti - HBc IgG
c. Anti - Hbe
d. Anti - Hbs

Answer 12

Anti - Hbe

• indicates that the patient is recovering from HBV infection
• Marker of convalescence and favorable prognosis