precipitation reaction Flashcards
involves combination of soluble antigen and soluble antibody to produce insoluble complexes that are visible
a. precipitation
b. agglutination
c. turbidemetry
d. nephelometry
precipitation
soluble ANTIGEN + soluble ANTIBODY = PRECIPITATE
it represents the overall strength of antigen antibody binding
a. affinity
b. avidity
c. law of mass action
d. zone of equivalence
affinity
- initial force of attraction between a 1 fab and 1 epitope
- determinant of corresponding antigen
avidity
- Sum of all attractive forces between Ag and Ab
- it represents the OVERALLL STRENGTH of Ag and Ab binidng
antibody excess can cause false negative
a. pro zone
b. post zone
c. zone of equivalence
d. aota
pro zone (pro binebenta ang body)
- antibody excess
- cause false negative
- remedy: perform dilution
antigen excess
a. pro zone
b. post zone
c. zone of equivalence
d. aota
post zone
- antigen excess
- false negative
- remedy : repeat thentest next week
what is the remedy for post zone
a. perform dilution
b. repeat test
c. repeat test after a week
d. release the test
post zone
- antigen excess
- false negative
- remedy : repeat thentest next week
pro zone (pro binebenta ang body)
- antibody excess
- cause false negative
- remedy: perform dilution
optimun precipitation, number of multivalent sites of Ag and Ab are approximately equal
a. pro zone
b. post zone
c. zone of equivalence
d. aota
zone equivalence
- Ag and Ag is equal
measures the light that is scattered
a. turbidimetry
b. nephelometry
c. radial immunodiffusion
d. ouchterlony double diffusion
turbidmetry
- measure the light BLOCK
nephelometry
- scattered light
which of the immunoglobulins does not measure by nephelometry
a. IgG
b. IgA
c. IgM
d. IgE
c. IgD
quantification of immunoglobulinss such as IgG, IgA, IgM ,IgE as well as kappa and lambda
IgD is not measured bynephelometry
when no electrical current used to speed up the process
a. immunodiffusion
b. passive immunodiffusion
c. electrophoresis
passive immunodiffusion
this technique the antibody is uniformly distributed in the support gel and antigen is applied to a well
a. oudin single diffusion
b. radial immunodiffusion
c. ouchterlony double diffusion
d. aota
radial immunodiffusion
- antigen placed in WELL
which of the two methods in RID is more specific and sensitive
a. macini method
b. fahey and mc kelvey method
c. aota
macini/ end method
- Ag is allowed to diffuse to completion and equivalence is reached
- there is no further change in ring diameter
- more sensitive and specific cause pinatapos niya ung test bago niya mineasure
which of the two methods in RID is measurements taken before the point of equivalence is reached
a. macini method
b. fahey and mc kelvey method
c. aota
fahey and mckelvey / kinetic method
- measurements taken before the point of equivalence is reached
- antigen is not allowed to diffuse completely
a qualitative gel precipitation technique which both Ag and Ab diffuse out from the wells
a. oudin single diffusion
b. radial immunodiffusion
c. ouchterlony double diffusion
d. aota
ouchterlony double diffusion
- Ag and Ab is DIFFUSION OUT FROM THE WELLS
- still used to identify the fungal antigens: Aspergillosis, Blastomyces, Coccidiodes and Candida
combination of RID and electrophoresis
a. rocket immunoelectrophoresis
b. immunoelectrophoresis
c. ouhterlony double diffusion
d. immunofixation electrophoresis
rocket immunoelectrophoresis
- one dimension
- developed by Laurell
- COMBINATION OF RID + ELECTROPHORESIS
- THE HEIGHT OF ROCKET IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE AMOUNT OF ANTIGEN IN THE SAMPLE
any abnormal changes indicates an abnormal result
a. rocket immunoelectrophoresis
b. immunoelectrophoresis
c. ouhterlony double diffusion
d. immunofixation electrophoresis
immunoelectrophoresis
- a double diffusion technique
- introduce by grabar and williams
- the sample is put in the THROUGH / WELL
- ANY ABNORMAL CHANGES INDICATES AN ABNORMAL RESULT
