Serious injury management

Question 1

What are the list of serious injuries?

Answer 1

• Neck injury
• Head injury
• Cardiac injuries
• Internal injuries

Question 2

What should you have to prepare yourself for a serious injury?

Answer 2

Medical emergency action plan

• Know where stretchers are
• Spine braces
• Slings
• defib

Question 3

Instead of TOTAPS how should you respond to a serious injury?

Answer 3

DRSABCD

Question 4

Which fractures are medical emergencies?

Answer 4

• Pelvic
• Femoral
• Vertebral
• Others

Question 5

Whats the sport with highest incidence of SCI?

Answer 5

Diving most common out of other sports for SCI

- Percentage still sigificantly greather than other sports
- Evidence dated

Question 6

What are mechanism of neck injuries?

Answer 6

80% accelerating neck due to striking a stationary object

- Whiplash

Question 7

Whats GCS?

Answer 7

• Glasgow Coma Scale

- Eye, verbal and motor response

Question 8

How to treat an unconscious patient?

Answer 8

Consciousness altered: immobilise –> hospital

Airway management takes precedence over spine

Question 9

What are the four steps to neck assessment?

Answer 9

1. MOI
2. Peripheral strength and sensitisation without moving head or neck
3. Palpate the neck for asymmetric spasm or tenderness at spine
4. Assess active ROM of neck (if above all clear)

Question 10

What are signs and symptoms of a serious neck injury?

Answer 10

• Extreme neck pain or pressure
• Loss or altered sensation
• Diminished or loss of DTRs
• Muscle weakness or paralysis

Question 11

What to do if a CSI is suspected?

Answer 11

• Cervical collar
• Backboard
• Ambulance transfer

Question 12

What has resulted in less spinal injuries?

Answer 12

• Rule changes
• Better coaching
• Presence of health professionals
• Improvement of protective gear

Question 13

What are the 3 types of ICH you should worry about

Answer 13

Epidural Hematoma
Subdural Haematoma
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

Question 14

Describe the location of the 3 ICH types

Answer 14

Epidural: between duramater and skull
Subdural: subarachnoid matter and dura matter
Subarachnoid- subarachnoid space

Question 15

What are characteristics of an epidural hematoma?

Answer 15

Onset of symptoms occur within hours after initial injury

MOI : trauma to the head
May have a lucid interval

Question 16

• Whats the progression of an epidural hematoma?

Answer 16

• Unconscious/concussion
• lucid consciousness
• Disoriented, confused, drowsy
• Headache with intensity
• Cranial nerve disruption
• Patient slips into a coma
• Death or permanent brain damage

Question 17

Describe Subdural hematomas?

Answer 17

Stems from venous bleeding, between brain and duramater

Accounts for majority of deaths from athletic related head trauma

Symptoms may occur in minutes, hours, or some cases several weeks after

Question 18

Whats the progression of subdural hematoma?

Answer 18

• May have a brief lucid interval
• ## As blood accumulates: headache develops, loss of consciounsess

Question 19

What is subarachnoid hematome?

Answer 19

• Can occur spontaneously or head trauma
• Sudden, severe headache, neck pain, Nausa and vomitting, decreased vision, double vision, photophobia , stroke like symptoms

Question 20

What is sudden cardiac death?

Answer 20

Unexpected, non traumatic death after 1hr of symptoms

• usually abnormalities with heart
• Usually seen in HIIT sports
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 21

What are the signs and symptoms of a spleen injury?

Answer 21

• Pain in upper left abdomen
• Left shoulder pain (Kehr’s sign)
• Palpation: tenderness
• Nausea and vomitting
• Signs of shock

Question 22

Describe liver and kidney injuries from trauma

Answer 22

Liver
- Pain in upper R) side abdomen, R) shoulder pain

Kidneys: Flank pain, blood in urine