Concussion Flashcards
1
Q
What is a concussion?
A
Traumatic brain injury induced by biomechanical forces
2
Q
What are common features of SRC?
A
- direct blow
- Rapid onset of short-lived impairment, resolves spntaneously
- Neuropathological changes, functional disturbance
- Results range in S/s
3
Q
What are the 11 R’s in sports related concussion?
A
- Recognise
- Remove
- Reevaluate
- Rest
- Rehabilitate
- Refer
- Recovery
- RTS/school
- Reconsider
- Residual effects
- Risk reduction
4
Q
What are ways to recognise concussion
A
- Trauma
- motionless
- balance/gait difficulties
- Blank or vacant
- Facial injuries
- Failure to recall memory questions
- GCS
5
Q
What is post injury advice for concussion?
A
- Not be left alone
- Serial monitoring for detrioration
- Avoid alcohol
- Avoid prescription and non-prescription drugs without supervision
- No motor-vehicles
6
Q
What involves re-evaluation of athlete after SRC?
A
- Thorough medical assessment
- Clinical status
- Neuroimaging
7
Q
How long should athlete rest for post concussion
A
24-48 hrs
limit activity, mental and physical
8
Q
What should rehabilitation of SRC involve?
A
- Gradual progressive cognitive and physical exercises
9
Q
What are the 6 steps of return to sport for concussion?
A
- Symptom limited activity
- Light aerobic
- Sport-specific exercises
- Non contact
- Full contact
- RTS
Medical clearance required
10
Q
What are predictors of a longer recovery?
A
- Symptoms
- Signs
- History
11
Q
What are the 4 steps to return to school?
A
- Daily activities no symptoms
- School activities at home
- Return to school part-time
- Return to school full-time
12
Q
What are residual effects?
A
- Risk of further injury
- Prolong symptoms
- Second impact syndrome (loss of cerebrovascular autoregulation)
13
Q
What are ways to reduce risk of SRC?
A
- equipment
- Education and awareness
- Rule changes
- Substitution
