SEPT. 12 & SEPT. 19

Question 1

What is one of the most important skills of a nurse?

Answer 1

Communication

Question 2

What is a basic term for communication?

Answer 2

Acting on information

Question 3

What is human communication?

Answer 3

Making sense of the world and sharing that sense with others, through verbal and nonverbal messages

Question 4

What is interpersonal communication?

Answer 4

Transnational form of communication, involves mutual influence to manage human relationships

Question 5

What is therapeutic communication?

Answer 5

Interpersonal communication, but with therapeutic intent

Question 6

Can interpersonal communication ONLY influence relationships positively?

Answer 6

No, it can influence relationships in positive and negative ways

Question 7

What is a mutual influence goal?

Answer 7

Not about who wins or loses in a communication act, but about being understood and accepted by the other person

Question 8

What is intrapersonal communication?

Answer 8

“self-talk”, communication with oneself

Question 9

Is communication reversible?

Answer 9

No, it is complicated and irreversible (“Can’t be unseen, can’t be unsaid”)

Question 10

What are the 3 models for interpersonal communication?

Answer 10

1. Human communication as action: human communication is linear, from source to receiver
2. Human communication as interaction: linear, action-and-reaction sequence of events
3. Human communication as Transaction: Communication is simultaneously interactive

Question 11

What model best describes interpersonal communication?

Answer 11

Human communication as transaction

Question 12

What is the different between implicit and explicit rules of interpersonal communication?

Answer 12

Implicit: rules are not openly communicated
explicit: rules are clear and communicated

Question 13

What is the communibiological theory?

Answer 13

States that there may be some genetic or neuropsychological component to communication, making some people naturally better than others

Question 14

What does being other-oriented entail?

Answer 14

The ability to understand where others are coming from, to “get inside their heads” and see things from their perspective.
(“It’s not about you, it’s about us”)

Question 15

What are the 7 steps to the Eclectic Approach?

Answer 15

1. Engagement
2. Clear definition of the problem
3. Integration (hearing the story)
4. Identify/Build on client strengths
5. Generate solutions
6. Plan
7. Closure

Question 16

What are the 5 steps to the Ivey & Ivey Framework?

Answer 16

1. Initiate session
2. Gather data
3. Mutual goal setting
4. Working phase
5. Termination phase

Question 17

What are 4 ways the Eclectic approach and Ivey & Ivey are similar?

Answer 17

• Both want to know the client’s story
• both focus on positive aspects of client
• Both use reframing
• Both encourage clients to put new ideas into action

Question 18

What are the 7 basic guidelines to improve listening skills?

Answer 18

1. Stop: Focus on other person
2. Look: at nonverbal cues
3. Listen: for message
4. Empathy: put yourself in their position
5. Focus on moment: minimize distractions
6. Ask questions: clarify what was said
7. Be patient: improving the listening process takes time

Question 19

What is paraphrasing?

Answer 19

Reflecting back the client’s own ideas to them

Question 20

What is interpreting?

Answer 20

Suggesting possible explanations for the client’s thoughts, feelings, or behaviour (linking events, making associations, implying cause, etc.)

Question 21

What is confronting?

Answer 21

Bringing to the client’s attention any incongruities,

in a therapeutic manner (ex: if their verbal and nonverbal cues don’t match)

Question 22

What is reflection?

Answer 22

Reporting back what the client said, to encourage that you are listening and for them to continue

Question 23

What is clarifying?

Answer 23

To sort out any unclear or contradictory messages, in a therapeutic manner

Question 24

What is reframing?

Answer 24

Working with client to change thinking/acting to change behaviour

Question 25

What are the 4 components of Glasser's Car?

Answer 25

Thinking: thoughts, beliefs, ideas, etc. Acting: acting, expressing, gestures, movements, etc. Feeling: emotions Physiology: body sensations, biological patterns

Question 26

What does perception mean?

Answer 26

How people experience the world and make sense of what we experience (interpretation is a key component)

Question 27

What is interpersonal perception?

Answer 27

Deciding how people are, and making sense of their actions

Question 28

What are the 3 stages of perception processing?

Answer 28

1. Selection: Tuning in to a sensory input 2. Organization: figuring out our world by creating categories and linking them together and filling in any gaps in what we perceive 3. Interpreting: Making sense of what we perceived (usually socially or culturally mediated)

Question 29

what is the primacy effect?

Answer 29

Process of attending to the first pieces of info we observe about another person. We emphasize what comes first

Question 30

What is the recency effect?

Answer 30

Tendency to put a lot of stock in the last thing we observe. We emphasize what comes last

Question 31

What is Attribution Theory?

Answer 31

States the need to explain how we ascribe specific motives and causes to the behaviours of others. Helps us interpret what people do and why they are doing it.

Question 32

What is Causal Attribution Theory?

Answer 32

A theory of attribution, based on determining whether a person's actions are caused by circumstance, a stimulus, or the person themselves.

Question 33

What is the difference between passive and active perception?

Answer 33

Passive perception: occurs without conscious effort, simply in response to one's surroundings. Active perception: perception that occurs because you seek out specific info through intentional observation and questioning.

Question 34

what is a stereotype?

Answer 34

Pre-existing, rigid ideas/expectations of others. Attributing a set of qualities to a person because o their membership in a particular category

Question 35

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Answer 35

When you're more likely to assume someone made a conscious choice to hurt you in some way than considering there may be another reason beyond the person's control

Question 36

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

Answer 36

Hearing: Physiological process of decoding sound Listening: How we process verbal & nonverbal messages

Question 37

What are the 5 steps to processing sound?

Answer 37

1. selecting: Choosing a sound to focus on 2. Attending: Focusing on the sound 3. Understanding: Processing the sound and assigning meaning 4. Remembering: Recalling the info processed 5. Responding: Providing confirmation that message was understood or not

Question 38

What is a relational listening style?

Answer 38

The tendency to prefer listening to people's expressions of their emotions and feelings

Question 39

What is an analytical listening style?

Answer 39

The tendency to focus on facts and tend to withhold judgement before reaching a specific conclusion

Question 40

What is a task-oriented listening style?

Answer 40

Being more interested in focusing on achieving a specific outcome rather than focusing on the communication relationship (want to do something with the info heard, for it to serve a purpose)

Question 41

According to Brene Brown, what are some differences between empathy and sympathy?

Answer 41

Empathy fuels connection: -Feeling with people -To connect with someone else, you need to know how they are feeling -Putting yourself on the same level, not looking down on the person Sympathy drives connection: -Trying to put the "silver-lining" around something -"feeling" for someone -Need to be careful with sympathy, as it isn't always best