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GCSE edexcel chemsitry > Seperate Chemsitry 2 > Flashcards

Seperate Chemsitry 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you carry out a flame test to test for Lithium ions?

A

Fist clean a microme wire by dipping it into hydrochloric acid and rinse with distilled water

Dip the wire loop into a sample of the metal compound at out on a blue flame and record the flame color.It should turn to a red flame

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2
Q

How do you test for a precipitate?

A

Add few drops of sodium hydroxide solution to a solution of your compound you want to test.If a hydroxide precipitate forms you can use its color to tell which metal ion was in the compound.

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3
Q

How do you test for ammonia gas?

A

Hold damp red litmus paper over your gas and to see if ammonia gas the litmus turns blue

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4
Q

How do you test for a halide ion?

A

Test for halide add some dilute nitric acid followed by a few drops of silver nitrate solution
Chlorine gives white precipitate
Bromine gives cream precipitate
Iodine gives yellow predicate

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5
Q

How do you test for carbonates?

A

Add some dilute acid to solution the mixture will fizz

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6
Q

Hw do you test for gas to be carbon dioxide?

A

By bubbling carbon dioxide through limewater and should turn limewater cloudy.

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7
Q

How do you test for sulfate ions?

A

Add some dilute hydrochloride acid to sample then add some barium chloride solution.
If sulfate ion present white precipitate of barium sulfate forms

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8
Q

What is flame photometry?

Why is flame photometry used?

A

Is an instrumental method that allows you to identify ions in a dilut solution

To identify different ions in a mixture

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9
Q

Advantages of using machines to analyze unknown substances?

A

Sensitive and fast and accurate

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10
Q

What is the homologous series?

What are alkanes homologous series for?

A

Group of chemicals that have similar chemical structures

Alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons they just contain one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom

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11
Q

What is the general formula of the alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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12
Q

What are Alkenes homologous series of?

A

Hydrocarbons with a carbon double bond C=C

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13
Q

Why are Alkenes unsaturated?

A

Because they can make more bonds as the double bond can open up allowing two carbon atoms to bond with another atom

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14
Q

How do you test for Alkene?

A

By using bromine water.When shaken together,an alkene will decolourise bromine water,turning it from orange to color less.

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15
Q

Hydrocarbons are oxidized in what type of reaction?
Combustion
Neutralization
Displacement

A

Combustion reactions

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16
Q

What are polymers?

What is monomer?

A

Substances of high average relative molecular mass made by joining up monomers

Lots of small repeating units that make up addition polymers.

17
Q

What are the properties of Poly(ethene) and poly(propene)?

A

Poly(ethene):
Properties-flexible,cheap and insulator
Uses-plastic bags and bottles

Poly(propene):
Properties-flexible,strong and tough
Uses-furniture and ropes

18
Q

how are polyesters formed?

A

When dicarboxyclic acid monomers and diol monomers react together

19
Q

How is ester link formed?

A

When carboxyclic group reacts with the alcohol group

20
Q

Why are polyesters condensation polymers?

A

Each time an ester link forms water is lost

21
Q

What is the structure of DNA,starch and protein polymers?

A

DNA:complex molecule that contains genetic information
contains two strands each strand is made up of nucleotide monomers that bond together in polymerisation reaction
Made up from 4 different monomers called neucolitides

Protein:
Polymers made from monomers called amino acids

Starch:
Large complex carbohydrates made up of smaller unites of carbohydrates

22
Q

cons of disposal of polymers in landfill sites and by combustion?

A

Landfills:
Lots of valuable land is quickly getting used up for these landfill sites
Polymers are non biodegradable as they don’t break down

Combustion:
Produces lots of energy and CO2 so global warming
Toxic gas released

23
Q

Pros and cons of recycling polymers?

A

Pros:reduces emission of greenhouse gases
Uses less water and energy resources

Cons:harmful to plants and animals
They need to be separated before recycling so expensive

GCSE edexcel chemsitry (11 decks)

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