Sensory System & Lesions

Question 1

Somatosensory pathways carry this information and it can be divided into

Answer 1

• direct pathways
• indirect pathways

Question 2

what pathway is somatotopically organized as a sensory discriminative function

Answer 2

direct pathways

Question 3

which pathway projects to the somatosensory cortex on the contralateral side

Answer 3

direct pathways

Question 4

which pathways is useful for diagnostically or localization of nervous system lesions

Answer 4

direct

Question 5

___ pathway projects more diffusely with multiple synapses in the CNS

Answer 5

indirect pathways

Question 6

___ pathway serves an affective arousal function (particularly pain) and project to the limbic cortices

Answer 6

indirect pathways

Question 7

Cutaneous tactile receptors are located in glabrous and hairy skin are considered what

Answer 7

Sensory receptors

Question 8

typically low-threshold ____ and may be encapsulated or unencapsulated

Answer 8

mechanoreceptors

Question 9

example of a mechanoreceptors encapsulated

Answer 9

Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles

Question 10

example of a mechanoreceptors unencapsulated

Answer 10

Merkel cell

Question 11

what is located in the dermis, fascia around muscles and bone and in the periodontium

Answer 11

Deep tactile receptors

Question 12

Ruffini endings and other specialized encapsulated receptors respond to what?

Answer 12

pressure, vibration, stretch, distension or tooth displacement

Question 13

deep somatic tissues are innervated by

Answer 13

nociceptive afferents

Question 14

Proprioceptive receptors include what

Answer 14

muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs

Question 15

is formed by all of the receptors that can influence the activity of a single sensory (DRG) neuron

Answer 15

Receptor fields

Question 16

fingers are considered what kind of receptor field?

Answer 16

Small fields

Question 17

body surface is considered what kind of receptor field?

Answer 17

Larger fields

Question 18

Primary pathways for conscious somatic sensation

Answer 18

Anterolateral system & Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system (DCML)

Question 19

Crude touch, pain, and temperature

Answer 19

Anterolateral system

Question 20

Carry these sensations into the lateral and anterior funiculi of the spinal cord

Answer 20

Anterolateral system

Question 21

what is one of the reasons that some aspects of pain are well localized

Answer 21

somatotopically organized reaches primary somatosensory cortex in a highly organized and somatotopic fashion

Question 22

Discriminative touch, vibration, and joint position sense

Answer 22

Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system (DCML)

Question 23

Receptive field position and modality are segregated in the

Answer 23

dorsal column nuclei (topographically)

Question 24

information carried in what tract is somatotopically organized

Answer 24

Medial Lemniscus

Question 25

one way the brain can keep track of information for sensory origin/position is through what?

Answer 25

Medial Lemniscus

Question 26

what pathway receives and processes all somatic sensory information destined for cerebral cortex

Answer 26

Medial Lemniscus to the thalamus

Question 27

Medial Lemniscus to the thalamus processes almost all special sensory information except?

Answer 27

olfaction

Question 28

what carries: - proprioception (knowing where body parts are in space without looking) - two point discriminative touch - vibration sense

Answer 28

Dorsal columns

Question 29

what are the 2 primary subdivision in the dorsal columns

Answer 29

medial fasciculus gracilis & lateral fasciculus cutaneou

Question 30

axons of DRGs below T6 and carries information originating from the leg

Answer 30

medial fasciculus gracilis

Question 31

axons from dermatomes above T6 and includes the arms and hands

Answer 31

lateral fasciculus cutaneou

Question 32

sensory, but unconscious & motor related

Answer 32

spinocerebellar system

Question 33

due yo sensory tract organization a lesions in cerebral cortex will produce sensory deficits on the....

Answer 33

opposite side of the body from the cerebral hemisphere

Question 34

leg lateral, arm medial

Answer 34

Anterolateral system = ALS

Question 35

arm lateral , leg medial

Answer 35

Dorsal columns = DC

Question 36

Leg lateral, arm medial is controlled by what structute?

Answer 36

Thalamus

Question 37

- Arm lateral, leg medial - Sensory homunculus - Disproportionate representation

Answer 37

Primary somatosensory cortex

Question 38

thin sheet of neurons covering core thalamic nuclei anteriorly, dorsolaterally, and ventrolaterally

Answer 38

Reticular Nucleus

Question 38

thin sheet of neurons covering core thalamic nuclei anteriorly, dorsolaterally, and ventrolaterally

Answer 38

Reticular Nucleus

Question 39

whats important for sensory discrimination

Answer 39

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 40

what contains a bilateral somatotopic body map

Answer 40

Secondary somatosensory cortex (SII)

Question 41

what is important for tactile discrimination and transference of learned discrimination tasks from one hand to the other

Answer 41

Secondary somatosensory cortex (SII)

Question 42

Parietal cortical regions also receive tactile inputs, including areas

Answer 42

5 & 7

Question 43

areas 5 & 7 are associated with what

Answer 43

sensory-motor inter-relationships (primary projections to premotor cortex for motor planning)

Question 44

an ipsilateral cranial nerve dysfunction & contralateral sensory and/or motor deficit of the body is a

Answer 44

Unilateral brainstem lesions

Question 45

multiple sensory deficits in both systems since there is a convergence of sensory systems here is a lesion in the

Answer 45

thalamic nuclei or in close proximity to the thalamus

Question 46

Sensory deficits is contralateral and usually incomplete with some return of sensation over time is a lesion where?

Answer 46

Thalamic

Question 47

what lesion usually causes accompanying motor deficits

Answer 47

Posterior limb lesion

Question 48

when you can't identify objects

Answer 48

astereognosis

Question 49

can result from a loss of the detection of sensation at a conscious level and/or the interpretation of sensory data received

Answer 49

astereognosis

Question 50

loss of texture & shape discrimination will produce the inability to identify an object placed in the hand without looking at it is what?

Answer 50

astereognosis