Senses Flashcards
The mrans by which the brain receives info about the environment and the body
Senses
Process initiated by stimulating sendory receptos
Sensation
Conscious awareness of those certain stimuli
Perception
Two Basic Groups of Senses
General Senses and Special Senses
Receptors distributed over a large part of the body
General Senses
Receptors localized and more specialized in structures to specific organs
Special Senses
Sensory nerve endings or specialized cells capable of responding to stimuki by developing a.potentials
Sensory Receptors
Type of receptor that responds to mechanical stimuki
Mechanoreceptors
Type of receptor that responds to chemicals
Chemoreceptors
Type of receptor that responds to light
Photoreceptors
Type of receptor that responds to temp.change
Thermoreceptors
Type of receptor that responds to stimuli that result in the sensation of pain
Nociceptors
The sense of movement and position of the body and limbs
Proprioception
Type of touch receptor that are involved in detecting light touch and superficial pressure
Merkel Disks
Type of touch receptor that are also involved in detecting light touch, but cannot be precisely located
Hair Follicle Receptors
Type of touch receptor that are evry specific in localizing tactile sensations
Meissner Corpucles
Type of touch receptor that play annimportant role inndetecting continuous pressure in the skin
Ruffini Corpuscles
Type of touch receptor that are associated with tendons and joints; relay info cncerning deep pressure, vibration and body position
Pacinian Corpuscles
A group of unpleasant perceptual and emotional experiences.
Pain
Suppresses a.potentials from pain receptors in local areas of the body through injection near a sensory receptor or nerve
Local Anesthesia
Pain sensations can also be suppresed if loss of consciousness is produced
General Anesthesia
Perceived to originate in a region of the body that is not the source of pain
Referred Pain
Sensory structures that detect taste stimuli
Taste Buds
Enlargements on the surface of the tongue
Papillae
Three cranial nerves that carry out taste sensation to the brain
Glossopharyngeal, facial and vagus
Pritect the eyes from perspiration and help shade it from direct sunlight
Eyebrows
Protect eyes from foreign objects by rapidly blinking 20x per min
Eyelids
Its secretions help lubricate the surface of the eye
Conjuctiva
Produces tears
Lacrimal Apparatus
Responsible to the eye’s movement
Extrensic eye movement
Three Tunics of the Eye
Fibrous tunic, Vascular Tunic, and Nervous Tunic
Outer tunic that consists of the sclera and cornea
Fibrous Tunic
Firm, white, outer conn.tissue layer; helps maintain the shape of the eye, protect internal structures, & provide attachment sites for extrinsic eye muscle; “white of the eye”
Sclera
Permits light to enter; bends or refracts the entering light
Cornea
Middle tunic that consists of the choroid, ciliary body, and iris
Vascular Tunic
Consists of vascukar network & many melanin-containing pigment cells causing its cokir black that absorbs light
Choroid
Inner tunic of the eye that consists of tge retina
Nervous Tunic
The retina is composed of two layers
outer Pigmented Retina and inner Sensory Retina
Photoreceptor cells, includes___&___, responds to light
Rods and Cones
20x more common; function in dim light, don’t provide color vision
Rods
Require more light and provide color vision
Cones
Three Cambers of the Eye
Anterior Chamber, Posterior Chamber, and Vitreous Chamber
Photosensitive Pigment
Rhodopsin
A peron with_____ deficiency may have this condition, which is____
Vit A, Night Blindness
Three Areas of the Ear
External Ear, Middle Ear, and Inner Ear
Part extending from the outside of the head to the tympanic eardrum
External Ear
An air-filled chamber medial to the tympanic membrane
Middle Ear
Set of fluid-filled chambers medial to the middle ear
Inner Ear
Fleshy part of external ear on the outside of the head
Auricle
Function of Auricle
Collects sound waves and directs them towards the external auditory canal
Cerumen
Modified sebum commonly called earwax
Two Major Steps in Process of Hearing
Conduction of Sound waves & Stimulation of Hearing Receptors
The frequency, or wavelength of sound
Pitch
Related to the amplitude of the sound wave
Volume
Two Components of Balance
Static Equilibrium and Dynamic Equilibrium
Ass. with the vestibule and involved in evaluating the position of the head relative to gravity
Static Equilibrium
Ass. with semicircukar canals and involved in evaluating changes in the direction and rate of head movements
Dynamic Equilibrium
