Sensation & Perception

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

Taking info from the environment through sense organs and turns it into neural signals

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

How our brain makes sense of the info that are senses provide

Question 3

Bottom-up processing

Answer 3

Starting at the sensation and forming a perception as you get more info. (building up)

Question 4

Top-down processing

Answer 4

Starting at the perception and confirming what you already know

Question 5

Selective attention

Answer 5

Focusing out awareness on one type of stimulus and ignoring others

Question 6

Inattentional Blindness

Answer 6

Failing to see an object when out attention is elsewhere

Question 7

Absolute threshold

Answer 7

The awareness/activation of a sense

Question 8

Signal detection theory

Answer 8

When we anticipate a stimulus so we are more likely to detect it

Question 9

Subliminal messages

Answer 9

occur bellow are absolut threshold and are not consciously perceived

Question 10

Priming

Answer 10

Increased sensitivity to certain stimuli due to prior experience related to visual or audio messages.

Question 11

Difference threshold

Answer 11

A sense is activated and the point you notice a change

Question 12

Webers law

Answer 12

The amount of change needed to detect a difference is equal to the size of the original stimuli

Question 13

Sensory adaptation

Answer 13

Getting use to a sensation and being unable to detect after a period of time

Question 14

Perceptual sets

Answer 14

Tendency to use surrounding info to help interpret what we experience in the world

Question 15

How dose the environment impact our perceptual sets

Question 16

How does the ENVIRONMENT impact our perceptual sets

Answer 16

It can change ow you perceive the info

Question 17

How does MOTIVATION impact our perceptual sets

Answer 17

Forces us to focus on one thing that is relevant at that point in time.

Question 18

How dose EMOTIONS impact our perceptual sets

Answer 18

May force someone to see everything in a negative light

Question 19

Hue of colors

Answer 19

The wave length

Question 20

Stroop Effect

Answer 20

the Stroop Effect allows us to measure a person’s selective attention capacity and skills, as well as their processing speed ability.

Question 21

Cornea

Answer 21

Protective outer layer of the eye

Question 22

Pupil

Answer 22

Controls how much light is allowed into the eye

Question 23

Iris

Answer 23

Colored part of the eye

Question 24

Lens

Answer 24

Bends light and focuses it on the retina to help you see images clearly.

Question 25

optic nerve

Answer 25

sends info to the thalamas

Question 26

Cones

Answer 26

Color and fine detail

Question 27

Rods

Answer 27

light and dark (black and white) and peripheral vision

Question 28

schemas

Answer 28

concept frame-works that allow us to organize and interpret information

Question 29

Figure-Ground

Answer 29

We organize things into figures that stand out from our surroundings.(background)

Question 30

Proximity

Answer 30

Things that are close to on another appear to belong to the same group

Question 31

Continuity

Answer 31

We perceive a flow of items so it appears to go on even if it doesn't

Question 32

Closure

Answer 32

Our brain fills in the gap to close of an object even if it isn't closed

Question 33

Similarity

Answer 33

We group things that are similar to one another into the same group

Question 34

Connectedness

Answer 34

We group things that are touching one another

Question 35

Phi Phenomenon

Answer 35

Motion is perceived because lights blink to make you perceive motion.

Question 36

Stroboscopic Movement

Answer 36

Motion is produced by rapid succession of slightly varying images.

Question 37

Visual Cliff

Answer 37

Device to test depth perception in infants suggests that depth perception is innate.

Question 38

Binocular Cues

Answer 38

Used by both eyes to perceive 3D

Question 39

Retinal Disparity

Answer 39

Each eye gets a slightly different image but your brain combines them together

Question 40

Convergence

Answer 40

Ability of your eyes to turn inward to see things really close to you face

Question 41

Monocular Cues

Answer 41

Used by only one eye to perceive depth; used to see a 3D image in a 2D image

Question 42

Relative Height

Answer 42

Farther away=higher in visual field closer=lower in visual field

Question 43

Relative Motion | motion parallax

Answer 43

As we move objects that are actually stable may appear to move

Question 44

Relative Size

Answer 44

Close=larger, farther away=smaller

Question 45

Interposition

Answer 45

Something in front of another object lets you know the front object is closer.

Question 46

Linear Perspective

Answer 46

Two parallel lines appear farther apart=coser, lines getting closer to each other=farther

Question 47

Light and Shadow

Answer 47

Shading produces a sense of depth consistent with our assumption that light comes from

Question 48

Texture Gradient

Answer 48

Objects far away look smooth | Objects closer look rough

Question 49

Relative Clarity

Answer 49

Hazy objects appear farther away

Question 50

Sound waves length detriment...

Answer 50

pitch

Question 51

The three bones in the ear

Answer 51

Hammer Anvil Stirrup

Question 52

Sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 52

damage to hair in ear fixed with a hearing aid

Question 53

Conduction hearing loss

Answer 53

caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea. fixed by cochlear implant

Question 54

Place Theory

Answer 54

location, where hair cells bends, determines high pitches

Question 55

Frequency Theory

Answer 55

How fast a neural impulses travels determines low pitches

Question 56

the gate-control theory

Answer 56

says that we experience pain only if the pain messages can pass through a gate in the spinal cord on their route to the brain.

Question 57

5 basic tastes

Answer 57

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, & umami

Question 58

Kinesthesia

Answer 58

sense of body position and awareness of body parts in space

Question 59

Vestibular sense

Answer 59

sense of balance and orientation; keeps our body upright while standing, sitting, or walking

Question 60

sensory interaction

Answer 60

one sense influence another