Learning

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

A relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience

Question 2

Habituation

Answer 2

You create an association between a stimulus and you become less reactive to it

Question 3

Sensory adaptation

Answer 3

When we get used to a continues unchanged stimulus in our sensory organs

Question 4

Associative learning

Answer 4

The events may be 2 stimuli or a response and its consequences

Question 5

Classical conditioning

Answer 5

Learning in which one learns to link 2 or more stimuli and anticipate events

Question 6

Behaviorist

Answer 6

View that

#1 psych should be an objective science
#2 studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Question 7

Neutral stimules

Answer 7

Dose not create any response because it is meaningless

Question 8

Unconditioned stimulus

Answer 8

Stimulus that creates a response without training

Question 9

Unconditioned response

Answer 9

The reflex like response to the unconditioned stimulus

Question 10

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 10

Originally neutral stimulus when paired with the unconditioned stimulus create a responses

Question 11

Conditioned response

Answer 11

A response that occurs to the conditioned stimulus

Question 12

Acquisition

Answer 12

Process of learning the responses pairing

Question 13

Extinction

Answer 13

When the stimulus is absent for a period of time the association goes away

Question 14

This spontaneous recovery

Answer 14

A response become extinct becoming presented with that stimulus again the response reappears

Question 15

Generalization

Answer 15

Associating other neutral stimuli with the unconditioned stimuli

Question 16

Discrimination

Answer 16

Being able to only respond to the conditioned stimulus and not other similar ones

Question 17

Little Albert experiment

Answer 17

Showed that the fear response could be conditioned in humans

Question 18

Operant conditioning

Answer 18

An active subject voluntarily emits behaviors and can learn new ones

Question 19

Reinforcers…Behavior

Answer 19

Increase

Question 20

Punishers… behavior

Answer 20

Decrease

Question 21

Skinners experiment effect

Answer 21

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely

Question 22

Reinforcement

Answer 22

Any event that strengthens a proceeding response

Question 23

Shaping

Answer 23

Guiding the child’s actions toward the desired behavior

Question 24

Successive approximations

Answer 24

You are rewarding responses that are closer to the final desired behavior and you ignore all other responses

Question 25

Positive reinforcement

Answer 25

Strengthens a response by adding a desirable stimulus

Question 26

Negative reinforcement

Answer 26

Removes a punishing stimulus

Question 27

Primary reinforcers

Answer 27

An innately reinforcing stimulus such as one that satisfies a biological need

Question 28

Conditioned reinforcers (secondary)

Answer 28

Increase its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforce

Question 29

Reinforcement schedules

Answer 29

A pattern that defines how often a desired response Will be reinforced

Question 30

Continuous reinforcement

Answer 30

reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs

Question 31

Partial (Intermittent) reinforcement

Answer 31

reinforcing a response part of the time slower acquisition but greater resistance to extinction

Question 32

Fixed ratio schedules

Answer 32

reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses

Question 33

Varibal ratio schedules

Answer 33

Provide a reinforcement after a seemingly unpredictable number of responses

Question 34

Ratio schedules= | Variable schedules=

Answer 34

Higher response rates | More consistent responding

Question 35

Interval schedules

Answer 35

Period of time must pass before reinforcement

Question 36

Punishment

Answer 36

A event that tends to decrease a behavior that it follows

Question 37

+ punishment

Answer 37

ADD an negative

Question 38

- Punishment

Answer 38

Withdraw a rewarding stimulus

Question 39

Instinctive drift

Answer 39

Is the tendency for conditioning to be hindered by natural instincts

Question 40

Taste aversion

Answer 40

A learned response to eating spoiled or toxic food and is critical for our survival and lets us know what food to avoid

Question 41

Latent learning

Answer 41

Unconscious learning that show us suddenly when needed Ex cognitive map

Question 42

Insight learning

Answer 42

Some learning is through simple intuition a sudden realization of the solution Ex know answer for a problem you struggled with on the test after turning it in

Question 43

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 43

A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own stake

Question 44

Extrinsic modivation

Answer 44

A desire to preforme a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatening punishment

Question 45

Biofeedback

Answer 45

Helps you make subtle changes in your body such as relaxing certain muscles to achieve the results you want such as a decrease in stress

Question 46

Problem focused coping

Answer 46

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or how we interact with that

Question 47

Emotion focused coping

Answer 47

Avoiding or ignoring a stressor and focussing on emotion need

Question 48

Helplessness

Answer 48

Feeling helpless and oppressed my lead to a state of passive resignation

Question 49

External locus of control

Answer 49

The perception that you control your own fate

Question 50

Observational learning

Answer 50

Learning by watching the behavior is others a then imitating that behavior through molding

Question 51

By watching a model usually someone we admire we experience reinforcement or punishment through them

Answer 51

N/A