Sensation and perception (unit 3)

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

receive information from the environment and encode it as neural signals

Question 2

perception

Answer 2

selecting and interpreting info from the environment

Question 3

psychophysics

Answer 3

study of relationship between physical energy and psychological experience

Question 4

bottom-up processing

Answer 4

sensory analysis that starts at entry level

Question 5

top-down processing

Answer 5

constructing perceptions drawn on sensations and experiences and expectations

Question 5

Gustav fechner

Answer 5

first person to study relationship between stimulus intensity and sensation intensity

Question 5

weber’s law

Answer 5

two stimuli must differ by constant minimum

Question 5

absolute threshold

Answer 5

one stimulus can be detected 50% of the time

Question 5

difference threshold

Answer 5

change between two stimuli can be detected 50% of the time

Question 5

signal detection theory

Answer 5

there is no actual absolute threshold cause threshold changes with variety of factors

Question 5

subliminal stimulation

Answer 5

receipt of messages that is below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness

Question 5

transduction

Answer 5

converting one form of energy into another

Question 5

sensory adaptation

Answer 5

weakened sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation

Question 6

habituation

Answer 6

decline in sensory sensitivity due to repeated stimulation

Question 7

selective attention

Answer 7

you choose what to attend

Question 8

divided attention

Answer 8

you can pay attention to multiple sensory inputs

Question 9

dichotic listening and viewing

Answer 9

you hear or see two different things and are told to pay attention to both

Question 10

stroop effect

Answer 10

ask people to name colors of words and not read the words

Question 11

speed of process theory

Answer 11

words are read faster than colors are named

Question 12

selective attention theory

Answer 12

naming colors requires more attention than reading words