Seminar Pharm - Muscle Relaxants

Question 1

primary goal of muscle relaxants is to selectively decrease skeletal muscle blank

Answer 1

exitability

Question 2

primary use of muscle relaxants is to reduce blank

Answer 2

muscle spasm

Question 3

injury usually to muscle, peripheral nerve, tonic contraction in paraspinals, traps, etc

Answer 3

muscle spasm

Question 4

CNS lesions or an exaggerated stretch reflex can cause blank

Answer 4

spasticity

Question 5

two drugs to treat muscle spasm

Answer 5

diazepam (valium), polysynaptic inhibitors

Question 6

polysynaptic inhibitors are a diverse group of drugs that includes blank

Answer 6

carisoprodol

Question 7

polysynaptic inhibitors act on polysynaptic reflex arc in spinal cord, and reduce excitatory input to blank

Answer 7

alpha motor neuron

Question 8

polysynaptic inhibitors also cause blank

Answer 8

sedation

Question 9

polysynaptic inhibitors examples

Answer 9

soma, vanadom, maolate, paraflex, flexeril, skelaxin, carbacot, antiflex, norflex

Question 10

valium was originally for blank

Answer 10

antianxiety

Question 11

valium works in the CNS and increases inhibitory effects of blank

Answer 11

gaba

Question 12

gaba allows blank entry

Answer 12

Cl-

Question 13

absense of all sensations

Answer 13

general anesthesia

Question 14

first use of anesthesia after 1846

Answer 14

ether (less toxic drugs)

Question 15

stages of anesthesia

Answer 15

analgesia, excitement, surgical, medullary paralysis

Question 16

2 types of general anesthetics

Answer 16

inhalation, intravenous

Question 17

inhalation agent that is laughing gas

Answer 17

nitrous oxide

Question 18

general anesthetics increase blank throughout cns

Answer 18

inhibition

Question 19

general anesthetics work by having a direct effect on the blank

Answer 19

lipid bilayer/protein ion channels

Question 20

general anesthetics have a combination of blank and blank receptor effects

Answer 20

lipid, protein

Question 21

preanesthetic meds and nmj blockers are anesthetic blank

Answer 21

adjuvants

Question 22

sedatives, opiods, antimetics are blank meds

Answer 22

preanesthetic

Question 23

curare and succinylcholine are blank

Answer 23

nmj blockers

Question 24

patitent may remain conscious but indifferent to surroundings during this anesthesia

Answer 24

dissociative

Question 25

dissociative anesthesia is achieved with a combo of blank and blank

Answer 25

antipsychotic, opiod

Question 26

dissociative anesthesia is useful for these thigns

Answer 26

diagnostic imaging, emergency surgeries, dressing changes

Question 27

general anesthetics may be used during blank

Answer 27

debridement/changing dressing

Question 28

interrupts nerve conduction at site of application

Answer 28

local anesthesia

Question 29

local anesthesia prevents or relieves pain without loss of blank

Answer 29

consciousness/systemic effects

Question 30

suffix of local anesthetics

Answer 30

-caine

Question 31

local anesthetics bind to blank channels in the nerve membrane, which ruins the chance for blank

Answer 31

sodium, ap

Question 32

administration outside of dura

Answer 32

epidural

Question 33

administration of anesthetic into subarachnoid space

Answer 33

spinal

Question 34

this is done in patients with complex regional pain syndrome

Answer 34

sympathetic block

Question 35

when anesthetic is injected into venous system of affected arm or leg

Answer 35

bier (iv) block

Question 36

iv block requires a blank placed proximally to keep drug in limb

Answer 36

tourniquet

Question 37

small catheter is implanted near peripheral nerve to a specific region and local anesthetic is dripped slowly onto nerve

Answer 37

continuous nerve block

Question 38

continuous nerve block is for blank pain control

Answer 38

post op

Question 39

continuous nerve block example is inserting catheter near femoral nerve for post op pain after blank

Answer 39

total knee

Question 40

smallest, unmyelinated fibers affected first in this nerve block

Answer 40

differential

Question 41

order of functional loss for differential nerve block

Answer 41

pain, temp, touch, proprioception, motor