Seminar 1 - Cohort

Question 1

in which phase of dependency can you do the most to help people remain independent

Answer 1

low dependency - when they need help to bathe, shop or do light housework

Question 2

does polypharmacy shape dependency transitions in the very old?

Answer 2

newcastle 85+ study showed the more diseases and medications the more mobility disability and more time spent with it
the chance of recovery to independence is reduced by 10% for every additional medication that is prescribed

Question 3

what gender differences did the newcastle 85+ study find

Answer 3

women tend to get more chronic diseases, men get more serious deadly diseases

Question 4

what were the key findings about morbidity and mortality in the 85+ study

Answer 4

each added disease lead to
- 16% higher risk for mobility disability
- 26% reduced chance of recovering from mobility disability with each disease
- 12% higher risk of death due to mobility disability
increase in a dose-response fashion

Question 5

in the CFAS study how was missing patient data filled in?

Answer 5

with informant interviews (someone who knows the person and their history if cognitive ability was not sufficient to consent)

Question 6

how was SEP measures in the CFAS study

Answer 6

townsend deprivation index
area deprivation for postcode based on - employment, household overcrowding and car ownership
split into tertiles for each study so it was manageable

Question 7

how was disability measured in the CFAS

Answer 7

ADL
severe disability = housebound, or need help with washing, preparing meal and putting on shoes
moderate = help with heavy housework and shopping and carrying heavy bags
or no disability

Question 8

what did the CFAS 1 and 2 conclude about DFLE 50%

Answer 8

point at which half of remaining life expectancy will be spent in disability revealed not much difference in CFAS 1 but shows the least advantaged are not getting better and inequalities persist