Semester 2, Test Two, Cell Communication Flashcards
Signal Transduction Pathway
the process by which a signal on a cell’s surface is converted to a specific cellular responce
direct contact
where one cells receptor touches another cells receptor
local signaling
a cell has a message it needs to send in a vesicle and it does exocytosis and is recieved by the target cells
Paracine Signaling
local signaling except with multiple cells
Synaptic Signaling
in nerve cells, there is an electrical signal in the cell that tells it to release the chemical message
Long Distance Signaling
the specific chemical messangers are hormones, hormones travel through blood vessels and reach specific target cells
reception
a signaling molecule binds at the receptor
Transduction
the binding of the signal molecule changes the shape of the receptor protein which initiates a series of processes
Responce
the cellular responce from the message
G protein coupled receptor
has 7 helices, consists of the receptor, G protein, and enzyme, the G protein has GDP (inactive), the signal hits the receptor and the GDP comes off and the GTP comes on, the GTP activates the enzyme
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
two individual proteins on the membrane recieve two individual proteins and come together to form one molecule. Then ATP gives it a phosphate and the protiens are activated
Ion Channel Receptor
The gates to the channel are closed , the signal molecule binds to it and it opens
Second Messangers
relay the message through the cell
Apoptosis
Programmed cell Death because of: damage to DNA, misfolding proteins, or embrianic developement
Chromatin
DNA with proteins
