Semester 1 exam yr10

Question 1

Doppler effect

Answer 1

effect produced by a moving source of waves in which there is an apparent upward shift in frequency for observers towards whom the source is approaching and a downward shift in frequency from receding observer.

Question 2

Velocity

Answer 2

speed taken to go from point A to B

Question 3

Instantaneous speed

Answer 3

speed at any particular instant of time

Question 4

Acceleration

Answer 4

measure of rate at which smt changes speed.

Question 5

Newton’s first law of motion

Answer 5

states object will remain at rest, or will not change its speed or direction, unless it is acted upon by an outside, unbalanced force.

Question 6

inertia

Answer 6

property of objects that makes them resist changes in their motion

Question 7

Thrust

Answer 7

forward push

Question 8

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 8

energy is never created nor destroyed.

Question 9

DNA

Answer 9

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid, found within nucleus in cells, where your genetic code is.

Question 10

Gene

Answer 10

A genetic instruction code for a trait, made up of DNA, and organised into larger structures called chromosomes, found in the nucleus.

Question 11

Mitosis

Answer 11

the constant creation of new cells for replacement, growth and repair. Is a type of cell division

Question 12

Meiosis

Answer 12

used introduction of sex cells

Question 13

Genetics

Answer 13

Study of passing of traits to offspring

Question 14

prokaryotype

Answer 14

Simplest type of cell

found in bacteria

Question 15

Eukaryote

Answer 15

normal body cell, contains organelles

Question 16

Viruses

Answer 16

not living, set of genes with a capsule

Question 17

Somatic cells

Answer 17

normal body cell

Question 18

Gamete cells

Answer 18

sex cells

Question 19

Nucleotides

Answer 19

building blocks making up DNA molecules

Question 20

RNA

Answer 20

Type of nucleic acid responsible for genetic message for creation of protein.

Question 21

chromatin

Answer 21

Chromosome in nucleus, is uncoiled

Question 22

Homologous

Answer 22

Used to describe members of each matching pair of chromosomes

Question 23

Karyotype

Answer 23

Number and general appearance of set of chromosomes in somatic cells

Question 24

recombinant DNA

Answer 24

DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods

Question 25

Genotype

Answer 25

Genetic instructions inherited from parents at particular gene locus

Question 26

Recessive

Answer 26

trait that is only expressed in absence of allele for dominant trait

Question 27

Autosomes

Answer 27

Non-sex chromosomes

Question 28

Heterozygous

Answer 28

having two different alleles for characteristics

Question 29

Homozygous

Answer 29

having two identical alleles for characteristic in genotype

Question 30

Codominance

Answer 30

type of inheritance in which heterozygote shows expression of both alleles in phenotype

Question 31

Sex chromosomes

Answer 31

chromosomes that differ in males and females

Question 32

Inheritance

Answer 32

genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

Question 33

Genetics

Answer 33

study of inheritance

Question 34

Phenotype

Answer 34

characteristics that result from expression of organism’s genotype. Depends on both genotype and environment

Question 35

Alleles

Answer 35

alternative forms of gene for particular characteristic

Question 36

Dominant

Answer 36

Refers to trait that requires only one allele to be present for expression in heterozygous

Question 37

carrier

Answer 37

Person not showing recessive gene because in heterozygous for a characteristic

Question 38

incomplete dominance

Answer 38

Inheritance that heterozygote shows expression of two alleles in phenotype in blending of characteristics.

Question 39

cytokinesis

Answer 39

Process of dividing the cytoplasm

Question 40

diploid

Answer 40

Word used to describe chromosomes in pairs

Question 41

haploid

Answer 41

Word used to describe chromosomes in singles

Question 42

inheritance

Answer 42

Passing on of characteristics from generation to next

Question 43

dominant trait

Answer 43

If present it will always be expressed

Question 44

Recessive trait

Answer 44

only expressed when no dominant present

Question 45

Homozygous dominant

Answer 45

both alleles dominant

Question 46

Homozygous recessive

Answer 46

both alleles recessive

Question 47

Complete dominance

Answer 47

expression of one trait dominant over the other

Question 48

Carrier

Answer 48

refers to someone heterozygous for particular trait and carries allele for recessive trait

Question 49

Ions

Answer 49

atoms that have lost or gained electrons therefore have electric charge

Question 50

Cations

Answer 50

positively charged ions

Question 51

Ionic compound

Answer 51

when atoms come in contact with each other and lose or gain electrons between metals and non-metals

Question 52

Anions

Answer 52

negatively charged ions

Question 53

Ionic bond

Answer 53

oppositely charged ions attract each other and form a compound

Question 54

Periodic law

Answer 54

observation that physical and chemical properties of the elements recur at regular intervals when in correct arrangement

Question 55

atomic number

Answer 55

Number of protons in atom

Question 56

mass number

Answer 56

Sum of protons and neutrons in atoms

Question 57

weighted mean

Answer 57

Average weight of atom

Question 58

molecules

Answer 58

Formed when atoms come in contact with another

Question 59

electrovalency

Answer 59

Number of positive/negative charges on ion.

Question 60

molecular ions

Answer 60

Complex negative ions