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Science > Semester 1 exam yr10 > Flashcards

Semester 1 exam yr10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Doppler effect

A

effect produced by a moving source of waves in which there is an apparent upward shift in frequency for observers towards whom the source is approaching and a downward shift in frequency from receding observer.

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2
Q

Velocity

A

speed taken to go from point A to B

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3
Q

Instantaneous speed

A

speed at any particular instant of time

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4
Q

Acceleration

A

measure of rate at which smt changes speed.

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5
Q

Newton’s first law of motion

A

states object will remain at rest, or will not change its speed or direction, unless it is acted upon by an outside, unbalanced force.

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6
Q

inertia

A

property of objects that makes them resist changes in their motion

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7
Q

Thrust

A

forward push

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8
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

energy is never created nor destroyed.

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9
Q

DNA

A

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid, found within nucleus in cells, where your genetic code is.

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10
Q

Gene

A

A genetic instruction code for a trait, made up of DNA, and organised into larger structures called chromosomes, found in the nucleus.

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11
Q

Mitosis

A

the constant creation of new cells for replacement, growth and repair. Is a type of cell division

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12
Q

Meiosis

A

used introduction of sex cells

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13
Q

Genetics

A

Study of passing of traits to offspring

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14
Q

prokaryotype

A

Simplest type of cell

found in bacteria

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15
Q

Eukaryote

A

normal body cell, contains organelles

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16
Q

Viruses

A

not living, set of genes with a capsule

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17
Q

Somatic cells

A

normal body cell

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18
Q

Gamete cells

A

sex cells

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19
Q

Nucleotides

A

building blocks making up DNA molecules

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20
Q

RNA

A

Type of nucleic acid responsible for genetic message for creation of protein.

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21
Q

chromatin

A

Chromosome in nucleus, is uncoiled

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22
Q

Homologous

A

Used to describe members of each matching pair of chromosomes

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23
Q

Karyotype

A

Number and general appearance of set of chromosomes in somatic cells

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24
Q

recombinant DNA

A

DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods

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25
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic instructions inherited from parents at particular gene locus

26
Q

Recessive

A

trait that is only expressed in absence of allele for dominant trait

27
Q

Autosomes

A

Non-sex chromosomes

28
Q

Heterozygous

A

having two different alleles for characteristics

29
Q

Homozygous

A

having two identical alleles for characteristic in genotype

30
Q

Codominance

A

type of inheritance in which heterozygote shows expression of both alleles in phenotype

31
Q

Sex chromosomes

A

chromosomes that differ in males and females

32
Q

Inheritance

A

genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

33
Q

Genetics

A

study of inheritance

34
Q

Phenotype

A

characteristics that result from expression of organism’s genotype. Depends on both genotype and environment

35
Q

Alleles

A

alternative forms of gene for particular characteristic

36
Q

Dominant

A

Refers to trait that requires only one allele to be present for expression in heterozygous

37
Q

carrier

A

Person not showing recessive gene because in heterozygous for a characteristic

38
Q

incomplete dominance

A

Inheritance that heterozygote shows expression of two alleles in phenotype in blending of characteristics.

39
Q

cytokinesis

A

Process of dividing the cytoplasm

40
Q

diploid

A

Word used to describe chromosomes in pairs

41
Q

haploid

A

Word used to describe chromosomes in singles

42
Q

inheritance

A

Passing on of characteristics from generation to next

43
Q

dominant trait

A

If present it will always be expressed

44
Q

Recessive trait

A

only expressed when no dominant present

45
Q

Homozygous dominant

A

both alleles dominant

46
Q

Homozygous recessive

A

both alleles recessive

47
Q

Complete dominance

A

expression of one trait dominant over the other

48
Q

Carrier

A

refers to someone heterozygous for particular trait and carries allele for recessive trait

49
Q

Ions

A

atoms that have lost or gained electrons therefore have electric charge

50
Q

Cations

A

positively charged ions

51
Q

Ionic compound

A

when atoms come in contact with each other and lose or gain electrons between metals and non-metals

52
Q

Anions

A

negatively charged ions

53
Q

Ionic bond

A

oppositely charged ions attract each other and form a compound

54
Q

Periodic law

A

observation that physical and chemical properties of the elements recur at regular intervals when in correct arrangement

55
Q

atomic number

A

Number of protons in atom

56
Q

mass number

A

Sum of protons and neutrons in atoms

57
Q

weighted mean

A

Average weight of atom

58
Q

molecules

A

Formed when atoms come in contact with another

59
Q

electrovalency

A

Number of positive/negative charges on ion.

60
Q

molecular ions

A

Complex negative ions

Science (12 decks)

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