Semen Ref values

Question 1

Spermatogenesis structure

Answer 1

Seminiferous tubules of testes

Question 2

Sperm maturation structure

Answer 2

Epididymis

Question 3

Propel sperm to ejaculatory ducts

Answer 3

Ductus deferens

Question 4

Provide nutrients for sperm and fluid

Answer 4

Seminal vescicle

Question 5

Provide enzymes and proteins for coagulation and liquefaction

Answer 5

Prostate glands

Question 6

Add alkaline mucus to neutralize prostatic acid and vaginal acidity

Answer 6

Bulbourethral glands

Question 7

Rapid, straight-line motility

Answer 7

4.0 (a)

Question 8

Slower speed, some lateral movement

Answer 8

3.0 (b)

Question 9

Slow forward progression, noticeable lateral movement

Answer 9

2.0 (b)

Question 10

No forward progression

Answer 10

1.0 (c)

Question 11

No movement

Answer 11

0 (d)

Question 12

Alternative Sperm Motility Grading
Criterial: Sperm moving linearly or in a
large circle

Answer 12

Progressive motility

Question 13

Alternative Sperm Motility Grading
Criterial: Sperm moving with an absence of progression

Answer 13

Non progressive motility

Question 14

Alternative Sperm Motility Grading
Criteria: no movement

Answer 14

Immotility

Question 15

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: volume

Answer 15

2 to 5 mL

Question 16

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: viscosity

Answer 16

Pours in droplet

Question 17

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: pH

Answer 17

7.2 to 8.0

Question 18

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: sperm conc.

Answer 18

> 20 million/mL

Question 19

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: sperm count

Answer 19

> 40 million/ejaculate

Question 20

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: motility

Answer 20

> 50% within 1 hour

Question 21

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: quality

Answer 21

> 2.0 or a, b, c

Question 22

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: round cells

Answer 22

> 1.0 million/mL

Question 23

Reference Values for Semen Analysis: morphology

Answer 23

> 14% normal forms (strict criteria)
30% normal forms (routine criteria)

Question 24

Reference Semen Chemical Values: Neutral a-glucosidase

Answer 24

> /= 20 mU/ejaculate

Question 25

Reference Semen Chemical Values: zinc

Answer 25

≥2.4 umol/ejaculate

Question 26

Reference Semen Chemical Values: citric acid

Answer 26

> /= 52 pmol/ejaculate

Question 27

Reference Semen Chemical Values: acid phosphate

Answer 27

≥200 Units/ejaculate

Question 28

Sperm are incubated with species-nonspecific hamster eggs and penetration is observed microscopically

Answer 28

Hamster egg penetration

Question 29

Observation of sperm’s ability to penetrate partner’s midcycle cervical mucus

Answer 29

Cervical mucus penetration

Question 30

Sperm exposed to low-sodium concentrations are evaluated for membrane integrity and sperm viability

Answer 30

Hypo-osmotic swelling

Question 31

Evaluation of the acrosome to
produce enzymes essential for ovum penetration

Answer 31

In vitro acrosome reaction

Question 32

“dead” sperm

Answer 32

Necrozoospermia

Question 33

red blood cell present in semen

Answer 33

Hematospermia

Question 34

leukocytes present in semen, >1M/ml

Answer 34

Pyospermia

Question 35

no semen volume

Answer 35

Aspermia

Question 36

semen volume > 6.0 ml

Answer 36

Hyperspermia

Question 37

semen volume < 1.5 ml

Answer 37

Hypospermia

Question 38

++ high sperm concentration, >200M/ml

Answer 38

Polyzoospermia

Question 39

no spermatozoa in semen

Answer 39

Azoospermia

Question 40

OAT

Answer 40

Oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia

Question 41

<4% spermatozoa

Answer 41

Tetratozoospermia

Question 42

sperm concentration <15 million/ml

Answer 42

Oligospermia

Question 43

• <40% grade (PR+NP) or < 32 PR %

Answer 43

Asthenozoospermia