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4. AUBF > Semen > Flashcards

Semen Flashcards

1
Q

4 Fraction/composition of a Semen

A

Spermatozoa
Seminal fluid
Prostate fluid
Bulbourethral glands

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2
Q

Percentage spermatozoa

A

5%

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3
Q

Percentage seminal fluid

A

60-70%

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4
Q

Percentage prostate fluid

A

20-30%

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5
Q

Percentage bulbourethral glands

A

5%

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6
Q

Man has reproductive problem causing

A

infertility

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7
Q

is the singular test for fertility in male

A

Semen analysis

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8
Q

Surgery to prevent pregnancy

A

Vasectomy or vasectomy reversal

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9
Q

SA is the singular test for fertility in male that can provide
information on:

A

Øsperm production.
Øpatency of the male ducts.
Øthe function of the accessory glands.
Øejaculative function.

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10
Q

Majority of sperm are
contained in the

A

first
portion of the
ejaculate

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11
Q

sexual abstinence of from ___ to ____
days to not longer than 5 days

A

2 to 3 days

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12
Q

sexual abstinence of from 2 to 3
days to not longer than ___ days

A

5 days

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13
Q

fertility testing: days

A

2 to 3 days

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14
Q

fertility testing: weeks intervals

A

2 weeks intervals

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15
Q

Specimen should be
collected at

A

Room temperature

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16
Q

Specimen should be kept at

A

Room temperature

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17
Q

Specimen should be delivered to the
laboratory within ____ hour of col-
lection.

A

1 hour

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18
Q

Specimen Kept at ____ if
awaits analysis

A

37ºC

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19
Q

Procedure or process in collecting semen

A

Masturbation

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20
Q

Material that is allowed to use in collection of semen

A

Non-lubricant containing rubber or polyurethane condoms

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21
Q

Material that is not allowed to use in collection of semen

A

Ordinary condom

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22
Q

Assisted Collection?

A

No

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23
Q

WAYS OF SEMEN COLLECTION

A

Masturbation
Coitus interruptus
Assisted ejaculation

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24
Q

directing the semen into a clean sample cup.

A

Masturbation

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25
Q

withdrawing the penis from the partner just before ejaculating follow
by ejaculating into a clean sample cup

A

Coitus interruptus

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26
Q

use nonlubricant containing rubber or polyurethane condom

A

Condom method

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27
Q

electro-ejaculation used in paralegics

A

Assisted ejaculation

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28
Q

Normal color of semen

A

Gray-white
translucent
Pearly white
colorless to creamy white

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29
Q

Odor

A

Musty
bleach/ chlorox odor

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30
Q

Increased white turbidity

A

Infection
Increase WBC

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31
Q

Red Coloration

A

Increased RBC

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32
Q

Yellow Coloration

A

Increased contamination
urine contamination
medication

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33
Q

Sperm Motility Examine under _______ and report the number of motile
and non-motile sperms in percemtage.

A

HPO

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34
Q

Sperm Motility Within ______ hour of collection, check the percentage of
motility and repeat after four hours.

A

one hour

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35
Q

Sperm Motility Within one hour of collection, check the percentage of motility and repeat after ______ hours.

A

four hours

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36
Q

Macroscopic/ Physical Examination
Parameters reported: semen analysis

A

Appearance / color
Volume
Vicosity
Liquifaction
pH

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37
Q

Microscopic Parameters reported: semen analysis

A

Motility
Viability
Sperm morphology
Sperm concentration and count

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38
Q

Volume: normal

A

2-5mL

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39
Q

Volume increase in

A

abstinence

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40
Q

Volume decrease in

A

Infertility
Incomplete collection

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41
Q

Viscosity: normal

A

Pour in droplets (highly viscous)

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42
Q

Viscosity: Increased viscosity

A

Decreased sperm motility

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43
Q

Viscosity reporting

A

0- watery
4- gel-like

44
Q

pH normal

A

7.2 to 8.0 pH
7.3 to 8.3 pH

45
Q

Increase pH

46
Q

Decreased pH

A

Increase prostatic fluid

47
Q

Sperm Motility Grading: These sperms have progressive motility. They are the strongest and swim fast in a straight line.

A

Grade A (straight motility)

48
Q

Sperm Motility Grading: These sperms with non-progressive. motility tends to travel in a curved or crooked motion.

A

Grade B (lateral motion)

49
Q

Sperm Motility Grading: These sperms either move their tail or are immotile.

A

Grade C (near to death)

50
Q

Test used for semen analysis

A

Modified bloom’s test

51
Q

Modified bloom’s test reagent

A

Eosin and nigrosin

52
Q

Modified blooms test count of sperm

53
Q

Modified bloom’s test living sperm color:

A

unstained, bluish
white (75%)

54
Q

Modified bloom’s test dead sperm color

55
Q

Seminal Fluid Fructose Normal Value:

A

Greater or equal to 13 umol/ejaculate

56
Q

SPERM VIABILITY screening test:

A

Seminal Fluid Fructose

57
Q

Seminal Fluid Fructose test:

A

Resorcinol test

58
Q

Resorcinol test possitiv result

A

orange-red Color

59
Q

Part of sperm

A

Head
Tail
Mid piece

60
Q

Head Normal:

A

Oval shaped

61
Q

Head abnormal:

A

Poor ovum penetration

62
Q

Midpiece contain

A

mitochondria

63
Q

Tail abnormal:

A

poor motility

64
Q

Hardening of the veins that drain the testes

A

Varicocele

65
Q

Most common cause of male infertility

A

Varicocele

66
Q

Sperm head: tapered

A

Varicocele

67
Q

Sperm Viability: Prepare a _____ smear of seminal fluid.

68
Q

Sperm Viability: Heat fix using________.

A

alcohol lamp

69
Q

Sperm Viability: Cover and read under ______.

70
Q

Sperm Morphology: Stain the smears by___________.

A

gram’s method

71
Q

Sperm Morphology: Examine under

72
Q

Sperm Morphology cell count

73
Q

Sperm Morphology reports

A

epithelial cells,
testicular cells,
RBCs,
WBCs
crystals

74
Q

Routine criteria

A

> 30% normal forms
<50% abnormal forms

75
Q

Kruger’s strict criteria

A

> 14% normal forms
< 70% abnormal

76
Q

Measure the head, neck, and tail using a

A

Micrometer

77
Q

Stains can be used

A

Wright’s stain
Giemsa stain
Hematoxylin
Crystal violet
Papanicolau’s stain- stain of choice

78
Q

Sperm Concentration Normal Value:

A

20-160 million/mL

79
Q

Sperm Concentration method:

A

Improved Neubauer Counting Chamber

80
Q

Sperm Concentration dilution

81
Q

Sperm Concentration diluent:

A

immobilize the sperm

82
Q

Sperm Concentration: others diluent

A

Cold water
1% formalin
5% sodium bicarbonate

83
Q

Cold water with

A

5% NaHCO3 in 1% phenol

84
Q

1% Formalin with

A

1% formalin in trisodium citrate

85
Q

5% Sodium bicarbonate with

A

0.5% chlorozene

86
Q

For undiluted sample

A

Makler Counting Chamber

87
Q

Uses heat to immobilize the sperm cells

A

Makler counting chamber

88
Q

Common abnormalities of sperm heads and tails:

A

Double head
Giant head
Amorphous head
Pinhead
Tapered head
Constricted head
Double tail
Coiled tail
Spermatid

89
Q

Total Sperm Count :

A

sperm conc. x specimen vol.

90
Q

Only ____ developed sperm should be counted

A

fully developed

91
Q

immature form

A

Round cells

92
Q

> 1 million leukocytes/mL indicates

A

inflammation or infection of the
reproductive organs

93
Q

> 1 million leukocytes/mL ; inflammation or infection of the
reproductive organs lead to

A

Infertility

94
Q

2 WBC squares formula

A

Num. sperm x100,000 = sperm M/mL

95
Q

5 RBC squares formula

A

Num. cell count x 1,000,000 = sperm M/mL

96
Q

4 WBC square formula

A

Num. sperm count x 50,000 = sperm M/mL

97
Q

Standard Neubauer Calculation Formula)

A

Specimen conc. = num. cell x dilution/ num. square count x 0.1

98
Q

Sperm Count Normal Value:

A

> /= 40 million/ ejaculate

99
Q

Sperm Count formula:

A

Sperm count: sperm conc. X sperm vol.

100
Q

Makler Chamber: ul of semen

101
Q

Makler Chamber: allow ____ Min of settle and spread evenly

102
Q

Makler Chamber: use ______ objective

103
Q

Makler Chamber: A row of ____ squares

104
Q

Makler Chamber: Usually ___ to ___ randomly selected rows are read

A

3 to 5 randomly selected

105
Q

Makler Chamber: If < 5 sperms per row of 10 squares is seen, then
the entire grid is _____.

4. AUBF (7 decks)

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