semanics

Question 1

semantics

Answer 1

sub field of linguistics that studies meaning in languages

Question 2

lexical semantics

Answer 2

the meaning of words and other lexical expressions, including the meaning of relationships among them

Question 3

compositional semantics

Answer 3

concerned with phrasal meanings and phrasal meaning are assembled

Question 4

sense

Answer 4

mental representation of its meaning or some kind of concept

Question 5

reference

Answer 5

the relationship a word has to the world

Question 6

mental image

Answer 6

meaning that is stored in our minds

Question 7

hyponymy

Answer 7

word X is the hyponymy of word Y if the set that is the reference of X is always included in the set that is the reference of Y

Question 8

sister terms

Answer 8

if their reference is on the same level in the hierarchy

Question 9

synonymy

Answer 9

two words with the same exact reference

Question 10

antonymy

Answer 10

the basic notion is that the two words are opposites. the words must be related but their meaning must directly contrast each other in a significant way

Question 11

complementary antonymy

Answer 11

there is nothing that is part of both X & Y reference. everything is either X or Y or neither but never both

Question 12

gradable

Answer 12

represents points on a continuum; rather than it being one or the other, it can between the two.

Question 13

converse

Answer 13

two opposing points of view or change in perspective

Question 14

proposition

Answer 14

claim expressed by a sentence

Question 15

truth value

Answer 15

characteristic of a proposition that it can be true or false

Question 16

truth conditions

Answer 16

the conditions that would have to hold in the world in order for the proposition to hold

Question 17

entailment

Answer 17

a relationship between propositions where a prop p is said to entail another prop q; just in case if p is true then q must be true as well

Question 18

incompatible

Answer 18

the relationship between two props where it is impossible for both of them to be true simultaneously

Question 19

principle of compositionality

Answer 19

the meaning of a sentence is a function of the meanings of the words it contains and the way in which these words are combined.

Question 20

compositional

Answer 20

predicable from the meanings of words and their syntactic combinations

Question 21

pure intersection

Answer 21

the relationship between the reference of an adj and a noun it modifies such that each picks out a particular group of things and the reference of the resulting phrase is all of the things that in both the reference set of the adj and the reference set of the noun

Question 22

relative intersection

Answer 22

type of relationship between adj and noun reference where the reference of the adj is determined relative to the noun reference

Question 23

subsective adjectives

Answer 23

an adj whose reference is included in the set of things that the noun it modifies refers to

Question 24

non intersection

Answer 24

an adj whose reference is a subset of the set that the noun it modifies refers to , but that does not in and of itself,refer to any parvulario set of things

Question 25

anti intersection adjectives

Answer 25

an adj whos referents are not in the set referred to by the noun that it modifies

Question 26

idioms

Answer 26

a multi word lexical expression whose meaning is not compositional

Question 27

mutual entailment

Answer 27

the relationship between two props where they entail one another

Question 28

hypernym

Answer 28

a meaning relationship between words where the reference of some word x is included in the reference of some other word y. y is said to be hypernym of x

Question 29

prototype

Answer 29

for any given set , a member that exhibits the typical qualities of the members of the set

Question 30

referent

Answer 30

an acual entity or an individual in the world to which some expression refers